2014 EU 의장국 이탈리아와 유럽통합의 전망
2014 Italian Presidency and Future of European Integration
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EU 의장제는 그간 회원국의 규모와 상관없이 모든 국가가 동등하게 권한을 갖는 민주성을 담보하는 기관으로 작용해왔다. 그러나 리스본 조약 이후 유럽이사회 상임의장제가 신설되면서 그 의미가 축소되었다는 지적들이 있었다. 본고에서는 이러한 제도기구의 변화에도 불구하고 각료이사회의 순번의장제가 상당한 함의를 가지며 상황에 따라 의미 있는 정책의 추진이 가능하다는 전제하에 논의를 전개하였다. 특히 2014년 유럽의회 선거 이후하반기 의장국을 맡게 된 이탈리아의 사례를 통해 금융위기 이래로 진행된 회원국 간의 갈라진 틈을 메우고 보다 미래지향적인 통합의 전망을 조명하기 위해 정책적 수렴에 대한 노력을 진단해보았다. 이를 통해 재정긴축과 경제성장은 배타적이지 않으며 동시에 조화롭게추구해야한다는 주장을 개진하였다. 결론적으로 2014년 하반기는 유럽연합의 주요 포스트대부분이 새로운 인물로 채워진다는 점에서 의의가 있으며 강력한 국내적 지지에 기반하고있는 이탈리아 렌치 총리의 순번의장제를 통해 의미 있는 성과가 기대된다고 전망하였다.
Abstract
Rotating EU Presidency has been considered as a genuine system of restoring democratic principle of the integration processes. But after the Lisbon Treaty which has established diverse new positions such as President of the European Council and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, its meaning and significance have somewhat changed and diminished. This paper argues that revised role of the rotating presidency still has relevance in that policy coordination prevails over in the course of consensus building measures. In particular, 2014 Italian Presidency is expected as a new momentum given that after the European Parliamentarian Election, new leadership will be introduced and the so-called spitzencandidat provides a kind of parliamentarism at the European dimension. 2008 Financial Crisis caused a deep division among member states in pursuing remedy policy mix as to fiscal consolidation and subsequent measures of austerity. But what Italian Presidency proposes is that economic growth should go with fiscal arrangements. Otherwise, cleavage among member states could not be narrowed and it will not be easy to go beyond current financial crisis towards prospective Europe.
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