브렉시트 결정의 유럽의 통합과 분열에 대한 영향 연구
Brexit and Its Impacts on European (Dis)integration
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초록
영국은 지난 2016년 6월 23일 실시된 브렉시트 국민투표 결과에 따라 EU를 탈퇴하기로 결정했다. 본 연구는 영국의 EU 탈퇴 결정에 영향을 미친 주요 변인과 영국의 EU 탈퇴 협상 검토과제와 쟁점을 고찰함으로써 유럽의 통합과 분열 현상에 대해 심층적으로 이해하고자 하였다. 영국은 향후 EU와 탈퇴 협상을 진행하며 EU 탈퇴의 세부 조건과 새롭게 설정될 EU와의 관계를 정해야 하는 상황에 있다. 동시에 영국은 탈퇴협상의 가장 중요한 쟁점인 EU 단일시장 접근권과 이민자 통제권의 문제를 어떻게 절충하고 협상할 것인지를 결정해야 하는 국내적 과제를 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 영국의 EU 탈퇴 결정은 통합된 유럽의 분열(disintegration)이 진행되는 중요한 사례로 고려된다. 향후 브렉시트가 실현되는 경우 유럽통합의 과정에서 최초로 EU 회원국이 탈퇴하는 사례가 되며 통합의 위기를 가속화시키는 계기로 작용할 수 있기 때문이다.
Abstract
The UK finally decided to withdraw from the European Union following the result of the referendum on the UK's membership of the EU, held on 23 June 2016. This study intends to deepen understanding of European (dis)integration by examining key factors, including domestic political changes, influencing Britain's decision to leave the EU. It also intends to analyze the potential outcomes and strategic options of the UK’s planned negotiations with the EU for a withdrawal agreement and the UK's future relationship with the EU. The UK government now has the important task to find a balance between full access to European single market and controls on immigration in the future. At the same time, the EU faces the challenge of preventing further disintegration as the ongoing crisis caused by Brexit can spread to other member states. As the UK will become the first-ever country to leave the EU, there is an increasing possibility that brexit will lead to European disintegration.
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