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비교역사분석 시각으로 살펴본 노동시장 내부자-외부자 정치: 스웨덴 사민당 사례를 중심으로

Labor Market Insider-Outsider Politics through a Comparative Historical Analysis: the Swedish Social Democratic Party

손정욱
한국유럽학회 (The Korean Society Of Contemporary European Studies)|2023.05|유럽연구 (The Journal of Contemporary European Studies)|제41권 제2호|pp. 209-239|DOI 10.17052/jces.2023.41.2.209

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스웨덴Sweden정당정치Party Politics사민당비교역사분석Comparative Historical AnalysisSocial Democratic Party노동시장 내부자노동시장 외부자Labor Market InsiderLabor Market Outsider
주제분류지역학

초록

좌파정당은 노동시장 내부자를 위한 정당인가, 아니면 노동시장 외부자를 위한 정당인가? 이 질문에 대한 기존 연구들의 주장은 상반된 형태로 나타나지만 이들 중 상당수는 정량적 분석을 통해 단기간의 인과관계를 밝히는 데 주목하고 있다는 점에서 공통점이 있다. 하지만 이런 분석은 장기간에 걸쳐 노동시장 이중화에 대응해왔던 좌파정당의 역할을 간과하는 경향이 있다. 본 연구는 비교역사분석 접근법을 활용해 노동시장 이중화와 좌파정당 간의 역사적 인과관계를 추적한다. 특히 본 연구는 20세기 초반 이후 스웨덴 사민당의 노동시장 정책 입안 과정의 흐름을 면밀하게 분석해, 과거 외부자를 보호하기 위한 일련의 정책들이 갖는 경로의존성으로 인해 현재의 내부자성이 강화되었음을 제시한다.

Abstract

The issue of whether leftist parties cater to insiders or outsiders in the labor market has been a topic of debate in the literature. However, previous studies have primarily focused on short-term causality through quantitative analysis, overlooking the role of leftist parties in addressing labor market dualization over the long term. This study aims to address this gap by using a comparative historical analysis approach to investigate the historical causality between labor market dualization and leftist parties. Specifically, the study conducts a close examination of the labor market policy formulation process of the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SDP) since the early 20th century. Rather than simply attributing the SDP's bias toward insider policies to the deindustrialization era, the study emphasizes the path dependence of a series of policies designed to protect outsiders in the past that ultimately led to their current insiderness. By shedding light on the complex and intertwined historical factors that have shaped the relationship between leftist parties and labor market insiders and outsiders, this study provides a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics at play in this critical area of political economy.

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