현대 중국어 연동문에서의 완료상 표지 ‘了’에 대한 고찰
A Study on the Aspect Maker ‘le(了)’ in Modern Chinese Serial Verb Constructions
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The paper aims to clarify the function of ‘le’ by interpreting the causes of difference in meaning in accordance with the accompanying availability of perfective aspect marker ‘le’ in serial verb constructions of Modern Chinese. The perfective aspect marker ‘le’ of serial verb constructions especially emphasizes the boundedness of V1, and it can be confirmed that V1 is an event that is independent from V2. Out of the events that comprise the serial verb constructions, ‘le’ also serves the function of indicating the central event, and even for sub-events, when combined with ‘le’, these events can function as the semantic focus of the sentence. While preceding research examined the usage cases of ‘le’ according to the superficial semantic relationships between two verb phrases within serial verb constructions, but in this study, under the assumption that there was an underlying precedence relation between the two verb phrases within the serial verb constructions where the perfective aspect marker ‘le’ is used, these situations were categorized according to whether to not there was a ‘related sequence’ between the events expressed by the two verb phrases. This study confirmed that when there was no related sequence between V1 and V2, V1 and V2 expressed independent events, and in this case, ‘le’ emphasizes the boundedness of V1. On the other hand when V1 and V2 occurred with a precedence relation, in the case that there was a related sequence including a ‘means-purpose’ or a ‘manners, instruments-result’, the ‘le’ generally appears after V2. However the location of appearance of ‘le’ are not absolute and various situations are possible depending on the function of ‘le’ which changes the event to the foreground according to the intention of the speaker or the context of the discourse.
Abstract
The paper aims to clarify the function of ‘le’ by interpreting the causes of difference in meaning in accordance with the accompanying availability of perfective aspect marker ‘le’ in serial verb constructions of Modern Chinese. The perfective aspect marker ‘le’ of serial verb constructions especially emphasizes the boundedness of V1, and it can be confirmed that V1 is an event that is independent from V2. Out of the events that comprise the serial verb constructions, ‘le’ also serves the function of indicating the central event, and even for sub-events, when combined with ‘le’, these events can function as the semantic focus of the sentence. While preceding research examined the usage cases of ‘le’ according to the superficial semantic relationships between two verb phrases within serial verb constructions, but in this study, under the assumption that there was an underlying precedence relation between the two verb phrases within the serial verb constructions where the perfective aspect marker ‘le’ is used, these situations were categorized according to whether to not there was a ‘related sequence’ between the events expressed by the two verb phrases. This study confirmed that when there was no related sequence between V1 and V2, V1 and V2 expressed independent events, and in this case, ‘le’ emphasizes the boundedness of V1. On the other hand when V1 and V2 occurred with a precedence relation, in the case that there was a related sequence including a ‘means-purpose’ or a ‘manners, instruments-result’, the ‘le’ generally appears after V2. However the location of appearance of ‘le’ are not absolute and various situations are possible depending on the function of ‘le’ which changes the event to the foreground according to the intention of the speaker or the context of the discourse.
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