현대중국어 ‘V了O了’문형의 의미해석 및담화-화용 기능
Semantic interpretations and discourse-pragmatic functions of double-le in Mandarin Chinese
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This paper examines the semantic interpretations and discourse-pragmatic functions of double-le sentences in Mandarin Chinese. The paper reconsiders the meanings and usages of double-le, which is a common structure in modern spoken Chinese. The temporal meaning of double-le is known to be similar to the English present continuous perfect which carries the implication of the action proceeding into the future. In this paper, we show that double-le sentences indicate ‘bounded states’, which contains endpoint/limit. double-le is divided into quantitative/non-quantitative type, and the combination between different types of NPs and predicate verbs refer to the different situation meaning. Two main usages of double-le in discourse are ‘pragmatic scales’ and ‘affirmation/report’ speech act. First, double-le assumed as endpoints in pragmatic scales, it reveals the speaker’s attitude toward the listener or situation, such as complaint, criticism. Secondly, double-le sentences highlight the speaker’s viewpoint with subjective judgment meaning. It also carries a negative speaker’s viewpoint-such as criticism of the subject. These features were held responsible for the semantically marked nature of double-le sentences as opposed to correlate sentences with only sentence-final le.
Abstract
This paper examines the semantic interpretations and discourse-pragmatic functions of double-le sentences in Mandarin Chinese. The paper reconsiders the meanings and usages of double-le, which is a common structure in modern spoken Chinese. The temporal meaning of double-le is known to be similar to the English present continuous perfect which carries the implication of the action proceeding into the future. In this paper, we show that double-le sentences indicate ‘bounded states’, which contains endpoint/limit. double-le is divided into quantitative/non-quantitative type, and the combination between different types of NPs and predicate verbs refer to the different situation meaning. Two main usages of double-le in discourse are ‘pragmatic scales’ and ‘affirmation/report’ speech act. First, double-le assumed as endpoints in pragmatic scales, it reveals the speaker’s attitude toward the listener or situation, such as complaint, criticism. Secondly, double-le sentences highlight the speaker’s viewpoint with subjective judgment meaning. It also carries a negative speaker’s viewpoint-such as criticism of the subject. These features were held responsible for the semantically marked nature of double-le sentences as opposed to correlate sentences with only sentence-final le.
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