상고~중고중국어의 ‘owl’ 관련 어휘에 대하여— ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ > ⊂tɕʰji과 원시 베트남-몽어 *ciːm 계열 및 ‘服~鵩’ *bɨkᵇ > bɰuk⊃ 중심으로
About the Lexicons “owl” in Old~Middle Chinese:Based on the Vocabulary Related to ‘鴟’ *tʰib>⊂tɕʰji, PVM *ciːm and ‘服~鵩’ *bɨkb>bɰuk⊃
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper aims to discuss the lexicons “owl” in Old~Middle Chinese by focusing on ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji, Proto-Viet-Muong *ciːm and ‘服~鵩’ *bɨkᵇ> bɰuk⊃ and elaborate several historical linguistic facts of them in Sino-Tibetan language family. Firstly, ‘鵄’ as the variation ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji is well attested from oracle bone inscriptions, and also their meaning ‘exhibit, display’ which is not related to bird ‘owl’ can be also confirmed. Meanwhile, ‘tinH’ (small owl) in Galo and ‘周’ *tɨwᵇ>⊂tɕʰɰɨw as the variation of ‘鴟’ in the excavated documents during Warring States Period are considered as semantically associated with each other, but not phonologically. Secondly, not only the words related to ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji mentioned above, but also ‘鴟鴞’ *tʰiᵇ.ɢrowᵇ > ⊂tɕʰji.⊂ɦɰɛw, ‘鳲梟’ *hliᵇ.kewᵃ(?)>⊂ɕji.⊂kew, ‘鴟梟’ *tʰiᵇ.kewᵃ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kew, ‘鴟鵂, 鵄鵂’ *tʰiᵇ.qʰuᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂hɰɨw, ‘𩿨久’ *tʰiᵇ.kʷɨʔᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kɰɨw, ‘鴟鳩’ *tʰiᵇ.kuᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kɰɨw can be considered as deriving from *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji and PTB *gu ⪤ ku. Moreover, a number of words from PTB *gu ⪤ ku appears as compounds of *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji, such as ‘怪鴟’ *kʷrɨsᵃ.tʰiᵇ>kwɛj⊃.⊂tɕʰji and ‘角鵄’ *krokᵃ.tʰiᵇ>kœk⊃.⊂tɕʰji. Thirdly, ‘鵵(兔、菟)’ *dzroma>⊂dʐam in ‘鵵（兔）軌’ *dzromᵃ.kruʔᵇ>⊂dʐam.⊂kɰwi and ‘老鵵（-兔、-菟）’ *ruʔᵃ.dzromᵃ>⊂lɑw.⊂dʐam are well attested as a transcription of *kcem from Proto-Mon-Khmer, or *tshim from Proto-Kuki-Chin, whose meaning is related to ‘bird’. However, a number of words like PTB*gu~ku or ‘鵩’ *bɨkᵇ from‘鵵(兔、菟)’ which are unrelated to ‘owl’ can be explained as unfamiliar dialect or loanword to ancient recorders. Fourthly, ‘服～鵩’ *bɨkᵇ>bɰuk⊃ from the Western Han Dynasty as a cognate from Tibeto-Burman word ‘owl’ is also attested in Chinese dialects. Meanwhile, the direction of diffusion of 服～鵩 *bɨkᵇ>bɰuk⊃ is explained originally from Changsha area in Chu to the west of Hunan Province, and Derung or Nusu languages in Yunnan Province nowadays.
Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the lexicons “owl” in Old~Middle Chinese by focusing on ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji, Proto-Viet-Muong *ciːm and ‘服~鵩’ *bɨkᵇ> bɰuk⊃ and elaborate several historical linguistic facts of them in Sino-Tibetan language family. Firstly, ‘鵄’ as the variation ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji is well attested from oracle bone inscriptions, and also their meaning ‘exhibit, display’ which is not related to bird ‘owl’ can be also confirmed. Meanwhile, ‘tinH’ (small owl) in Galo and ‘周’ *tɨwᵇ>⊂tɕʰɰɨw as the variation of ‘鴟’ in the excavated documents during Warring States Period are considered as semantically associated with each other, but not phonologically. Secondly, not only the words related to ‘鴟’ *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji mentioned above, but also ‘鴟鴞’ *tʰiᵇ.ɢrowᵇ > ⊂tɕʰji.⊂ɦɰɛw, ‘鳲梟’ *hliᵇ.kewᵃ(?)>⊂ɕji.⊂kew, ‘鴟梟’ *tʰiᵇ.kewᵃ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kew, ‘鴟鵂, 鵄鵂’ *tʰiᵇ.qʰuᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂hɰɨw, ‘𩿨久’ *tʰiᵇ.kʷɨʔᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kɰɨw, ‘鴟鳩’ *tʰiᵇ.kuᵇ>⊂tɕʰji.⊂kɰɨw can be considered as deriving from *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji and PTB *gu ⪤ ku. Moreover, a number of words from PTB *gu ⪤ ku appears as compounds of *tʰiᵇ>⊂tɕʰji, such as ‘怪鴟’ *kʷrɨsᵃ.tʰiᵇ>kwɛj⊃.⊂tɕʰji and ‘角鵄’ *krokᵃ.tʰiᵇ>kœk⊃.⊂tɕʰji. Thirdly, ‘鵵(兔、菟)’ *dzroma>⊂dʐam in ‘鵵（兔）軌’ *dzromᵃ.kruʔᵇ>⊂dʐam.⊂kɰwi and ‘老鵵（-兔、-菟）’ *ruʔᵃ.dzromᵃ>⊂lɑw.⊂dʐam are well attested as a transcription of *kcem from Proto-Mon-Khmer, or *tshim from Proto-Kuki-Chin, whose meaning is related to ‘bird’. However, a number of words like PTB*gu~ku or ‘鵩’ *bɨkᵇ from‘鵵(兔、菟)’ which are unrelated to ‘owl’ can be explained as unfamiliar dialect or loanword to ancient recorders. Fourthly, ‘服～鵩’ *bɨkᵇ>bɰuk⊃ from the Western Han Dynasty as a cognate from Tibeto-Burman word ‘owl’ is also attested in Chinese dialects. Meanwhile, the direction of diffusion of 服～鵩 *bɨkᵇ>bɰuk⊃ is explained originally from Changsha area in Chu to the west of Hunan Province, and Derung or Nusu languages in Yunnan Province nowadays.
참고문헌 (35)
- 權踶, "《龍飛御天歌》 卷第五", 奎章閣韓國學硏究院
- 송성수, "(한글)대장경, 大威德陀羅尼經 外" (2001), 동국대학교
- 한경호, "중고음 삼등운의 전설모음화", 석사, 중국어학, pp.2009
- 韓炅澔, "新出土戰國-西漢時期楚地文獻語音研究", 박사, pp.2014
- 陳洋, "益陽方言詞彙比較硏究", 석사, pp.2015
- 黃德寬, "古文字譜系所證(全十冊)" (2007), 商務印書館
- 黃焯, "經典釋文彙校" (2006), 中華書局
- 李學勤, "清華大學藏戰國竹簡（一）" (2010), 中西書局
- 羅常培, "漢魏晉南北朝韻部演變硏究" (1958), 科學出版社
- 潘悟雲, "喉音考", 民族語文, (5), pp.10~24 (1997)
- 王政, "殷墟文化中的鴞鳥辟邪觀念及在後世的變化", 華夏文化, (03), pp.11~14 (2009), 陝西省軒轅黃帝硏究會
- 向熹, "詩經譯註" (2013), 商務印書館
- 徐復, "廣雅詁林" (1992), 江蘇古籍出版社
- 徐時儀, "一切經音義 三種校本合刊 上中下" (2008), 上海古籍出版社
- 徐振邦, "聯綿詞大詞典" (2013), 商務印書館
- 余迺永, "新校互註宋本廣韻 定稿本" (2008), 上海人民出版社
- 袁珂, "山海經校注" (1992), 巴蜀書社
- 張世祿, "張世祿語言學論文集", pp.292~344 (1984)
- 鄭張尙芳, "上古音系(第二版)" (2013), 上海敎育出版社
- 朱祖延, "爾雅詁林" (1996), 湖北敎育出版社
- 朱茂漢, "名詞前綴“阿”和“老”的形成和發展", 安徽師大學報, (4), pp.88~94 (1983)
- Vũ Vǎ Kín⋅Khơ̂ng Đức, "Ngũ Thiên Tự(Trình bày VIỆT – HÁN – NÔM)" (2006), Quang Minh
- Baxter, William. H, "A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology" (1992), Mouton de Gruyter
- König, Claus, "Owls of the World" (2010), Christopher Helm
- Matisoff, James, "Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman: System and Philosophy of Sino-Tibetan Reconstruction" (2003), University of California Press
- Matisoff, James, "The Sino-Tibetan Etymonlogical Dictionary and Thesaurus" (2015), University of California Press
- Peiros, Ilia, "Comparative Linguistics in Southeast Asia" (1998), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University
- Post, Mark William, "A Grammar of Galo", pp.2007
- Schuessler, Axel, "ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese" (2007), University of Hawai’I Press
- Shorto, Harry., "A Mon-Khmer comparative dictionary" (2006), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University
- Sidwel, Paul J., "Proto South Bahnaric: A reconstruction of a Mon-Khmer language of Indo-China" (2000), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University
- VanBik, Kenneth, "Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Languages" (2009), University of California
- 伊藤智ゆき, "朝鮮漢字音研究" (2007), 汲古書院
- 三根谷徹, "越南漢字音の硏究" (1972), 東洋文庫