언어유형론적 관점에서 본 중국어 타동성의 구현 방식

Abstract

Transitivity is traditionally understood as a property of verbs, and a dichotomous concept of transitive verb and intransitive verb. The presence or absence of an object is known as the criteria for dividing verbs into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs. But transitivity is a property of an entire clause, such that an activity is transferred from an agent to a patient. It is a continuous concept, so a clause can be characterized as more or less transitive, The clause type defined by the transitivity prototype represents a marked kind of structure compared to other two-participant clause types. SVO clause is a unmarked clause type in Chinese, but it is not a transitive clause type, but a two-participant clause type, because subject and object are not restricted to the agent and patient respectively, and the individuation of the object is low. “BA(把)” construction can be seen as a transitive clause in Chinese. “BA(把)” construction which is made up of agent, patient, activity and its result is the prototypical transitive clause. “BA(把)” construction has many uses which can be judged as good or less good members of the transitive clauses on the basis of their degree of similarity to the prototypical transitive clause.