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외국구전과 국내구전이 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

The Influence of Foreign vs. Domestic WOM on Consumer Brand Attitude

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초록

본 연구는 구전에 관한 기존연구와 달리 외국에서 발생한 온라인 구전이 국내의 소비자에게 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 규명하기 위한 목적으로 진행되었다. 구체적으로 국내 브랜드에 대한 긍정적 외국구전의 경우 국내구전보다 그 영향력이 더 크게 나타나는 반면, 부정적 외국구전의 경우 국내구전보다 더 적은 영향력을 가질 것으로 예상하였다. 추가적으로 외국구전의 효과가 나타나는 메커니즘을 확인하기 위해 매개변수를 탐색하였다. 이를 확인하기 위해 본 연구에서는 총 2개의 실험을 진행하여 실증하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외국구전의 영향력은 국내구전의 영향력과 차이가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 구체적으로 부정적 외국구전의 영향력은 국내구전보다 약하게 나타난 반면, 긍정적 외국구전의 영향력은 국내구전보다 더 크게 나타났다. 둘째, 부정적 외국구전의 효과는 수신자가 지각하는 발신자의 한국에 대한 격하수준에 의해 매개됨을 확인하였다. 셋째, 긍정적 외국구전의 효과는 집단적 자존감 강화에 의해 매개되는 것으로 확인되었는데, 긍정적 외국구전을 수신할 때 수신자가 느끼는 집단적 자존감이 상승하기 때문에 이를 적극 수용하여 해당 브랜드에 대한 태도변화가 더 크게 나타나는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 마지막으로 본 연구와 관련된 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하였고, 본 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구 방향에 대한 토론을 실시하였다.

Abstract

Previous research on Word-of-Mouth(WOM) has focused on the WOM communication between domestic consumers. The purpose of this research is to explore the influence of foreign WOM occurred by foreigners in online context. The authors predict that the influence of foreign WOM will be different from domestic WOM based on Social Identity Theory. In addition, we explore mediators which explain why the influence of foreign WOM occurs. Two experiments are conducted for testing our predictions. Research shows several findings. First, when the message is negative, the negative impact of foreign WOM on brand attitude is weaker than domestic WOM. In contrast, when the message is positive, foreign WOM has stronger impact on brand attitude than domestic WOM. Second, the influence of negative foreign WOM is mediated by perceived level of derogation. Finally, the impact of positive foreign WOM is mediated by level of collective self-esteem. Lastly, we discuss theoretical and practical implications and suggest the direction of future research based on the limitation of our research.

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