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시민사회, 민주주의 그리고 사회적 자본 - 한국과 필리핀을 중심으로 -

Civil Society, Democracy, and Social Capital: Focusing on South Korea and the Philippines

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

본 연구는 아시아 국가이자 1980년대 후반, 민주화 이행을 겪은 한국과 필리핀의 사회적 자본과 민주주의 제도적 성취 만족감과의 관련성과 그 함의를 분석하고자 한다. 연구 방법론은 한국과 필리핀의 시민의식을 공통적으로 조사한 계량화된 설문 데이터인 World Values Survey(WVS) 결과를 활용하여, 변수들 간의 관계를 추적하는 계량적 방법론(quantitative methodology)을 적용했다. 결론을 요약하면, 한국과 필리핀의 민주주의 만족도와 정치·경제·역사·사회문화적 차이로 사회적 자본은 각국의 특성에 따라 상이한 “오버래핑” 현상이 나타난다. 그리고 이것은 해당국가의 민주화의 경로와 경험에 따라 만족도간의 상관성 역시 다르게 나타나고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 이 결과는 “아시아적 가치”로 요약되는 아시아 국가의 동질성이 실상은 해당 국가의 민주화 과정의 차이, 시민성, 사회적 자본의 형태, 그리고 시민사회의 형성의 역사적·구조적 맥락에서 새롭게 구성(reconstructed)됨을 알 수 있다.

Abstract

The social capital refers to features of social organization such as network, norms, and trust that facilitate coordination and cooperation for mutual benefit. So the social capital referring to connections within and between social networks. Using social capital approach, this study explores the relationship and influence between the social capital and satisfaction of democratic development, with the quantitative research method. Analysis showed that it contained various results of the social capital, democracy, and civil participation in Korea and the Philippines. And this paper seeks to derive the political implication of social capital by evaluating and analyzing the influence of social capital variables

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