참여적 디자인 픽션 : 공공성 탐색을 위한 추측적 디자인 방법
Participatoy Design Fiction : Speculative Design Method for Investigating Publicity
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초록
본 연구는 미래를 예측하고 논의를 이끌어내는 추측적 디자인의 과정에 사용자들을 참여시키는 최신HCI와 인터랙션 디자인 연구 동향에 주목하여, 관련 연구 분석을 통해 추측적 디자인의 공공성을 탐색하는 데에 목적을 둔다. 이를 위해, 본 연구는 추측적 디자인에 참여디자인 방법을 활용한 참여적디자인 픽션 사례들을 분석하고자 한다. 참여적 디자인 픽션은 주로 공공 문제에 대해 사회구성원들과함께 진행하는 참여 디자인 방법을 추측적 디자인에 적용하는 방법을 말한다. 본 연구는 참여적 디자인 픽션 사례들이 공공 영역에서 추구하는 목적들과 진행 과정이 상이함을 파악하고, 해당 사례들을분석고자 사례 연구와 문헌 연구를 진행한다. 사례 분석을 위한 이론적 틀로 인간의 상상력의 전개과정이 인간과 사회적 관계 속에서 이루어지며 타인의 상황과 감정에 기반하여 새로운 이미지를 만들어가는 상상 활동에 대한 연구를 확립하여 현대 심리학에 큰 영향을 끼친 심리학자 비고츠키와 누스바움의 이론에 기반을 둔다. 해당 이론을 바탕으로 각 사례들이 추구한 현실과 논리에 따라 각각 1)사회적 상상, 2)기술적 상상, 3)기능적 상상, 4)문화적 상상 유형으로 정의하고, 각 유형별 진행 과정을 서술한다. 도출한 유형들은 참여자의 역할 설정과 기술 중요도와 관련하여 차이가 있음을 보여주며 이를매트릭스로 구성하여 각 유형의 차이를 구분하고자 한다. 본 연구에 기반하여, 향후 미래 사회를 위해디자이너와 구성원들이 함께 공공 디자인 산물을 도출하는 방법으로 참여적 디자인 픽션의 세부 유형과 특징을 고려할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
This study focuses on recent HCI and interaction design researches pertaining to speculative design that speculates futures and raise discussion with user participation, and aims to investigate publicity of speculative design based on analysis of research. For the purpose, this research tries to analyze several cases of participatory design fiction applying participatory design method into speculative design. Participatory design fiction is a method applying participatory design technique with citizens regarding mainly public issues into speculative design. This study notes differences of purpose and process in participatory design fiction applied in public realm discussed recently, and analyzed the cases. As a research method, this study conducts case analysis and literature review. As a conceptual framework, this study refers to the theories from hugely important and influential psychologists in contemporary psychology Vygotsky and Nussbaum who argues a process of human imagination is based on human-society relations and the others’ situation and emotion to create new images. Illustrating the theories’ concepts, this study classifies the cases by its pursued reality and logic as categories of 1)technological imagination, 2)social imagination, 3)functional imagination, and 4)cultural imagination and then explains their participatory design processes by each category. The categories resulted represents the differences in depth of participant’ role setting in the process and technological importance. Following this, the study conducts a matrix based on them to show differences more clearly with participants’ role setting and technological importance during participatory design fiction workshops. Based on this study, researches and implementation of participatory design fiction would be followed further using specific categories and its characteristics for designer-citizens cooperation pursuing public design works for better future society.
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