AHP 분석을 활용한 자율주행 모빌리티 콘솔 편의장치 디자인 요소 제안
Proposal of Design Elements for Autonomous Mobility Console Convenience Features Using AHP Analysis
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초록
자율주행 기술의 발전은 모빌리티 내부 공간을 단순한 이동 수단에서 벗어나 다양한 생활 및 업무 활동을 지원하는 다목적 공간으로 변화시키고 있다. 특히, 자율주행 4, 5단계에서는 운전자의 개입이 불필요해지면서 사용자 경험(UX)이 모빌리티 내부 설계의 핵심 요소로 부상하고 있다. 본 연구는 자율주행 모빌리티 내부의 통합 편의장치로 선정된 ‘콘솔’의 디자인 요소를 체계적으로 도출하기 위해 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) 분석을 활용하였다. 본 연구는 문헌 조사와 전문가 대상 FGI(Focus Group Interview)를 통해 콘솔 편의장치의 정의와 역할을 구체화한 후, 사용자 편의성, 혁신성, 사용자 만족도, 다목적 활용성, 커뮤니케이션 용이성의 다섯 가지 상위 분류 기준을 설정하였다. 이후, 중위 및 하위 요소를 포함한 계층 구조를 작성하고 이를 기반으로 평가를 진행하였다. AHP 분석 결과, 상위 기준 중 ‘사용자 편의성’이 가장 높은 중요도를 보였으며, 그 뒤를 ‘혁신성’과 ‘사용자 만족도’가 따랐다. 사용자 편의성의 하위 요소에서는 ‘물리적 접근성’과 ‘직관적인 인터페이스’가 동일하게 가장 높은 우선순위로 도출되었으며, 그 뒤를 ‘시각적 접근성’과 ‘사용자 피드백’이 따랐다. 혁신성의 하위 요소로는 ‘공간 활용’과 ‘미적 요소’가 동일한 우선순위로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 물리적 접근성과 직관적인 인터페이스는 사용자와의 직관적이고 원활한 상호작용을 지원하며, 자율주행 모빌리티 콘솔 설계에서 핵심적인 역할을 한다. 또한, 혁신성 측면에서 공간 활용과 미적 요소는 기능적 효율성과 시각적 만족도를 동시에 충족시키며 사용자 경험에 중대한 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 콘솔 편의장치의 사용자 경험 중심 디자인 방향을 제시하며, 향후 실증적 연구와 시나리오 기반 프로토타입 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
As autonomous driving technology advances, mobility interiors are transforming from transportation means into versatile spaces supporting diverse activities. At autonomous driving levels 4 and 5, where no driver input is needed, user experience (UX) becomes crucial in interior design. This study uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify the design elements of the 'Console,' an integral convenience feature in autonomous mobility. Starting with a literature review and expert Focus Group Interviews (FGI), the research defined the Console’s role and established primary criteria: Convenience, Innovation, User Satisfaction, Adaptability, and Interaction Clarity. A hierarchical structure including intermediate and lower elements was developed for evaluation. AHP analysis highlighted ‘Convenience’ as the key criterion, followed by ‘Innovation’ and ‘User Satisfaction.’ Among ‘Convenience’s sub-elements, ‘Physical Accessibility’ and ‘Intuitive Interface’ ranked highest, with ‘Visual Accessibility’ and ‘User Feedback’ next. In Innovation, ‘Spatial Utilization’ and ‘Aesthetic Elements’ were critical. Ultimately, ‘Physical Accessibility’ and ‘Intuitive Interfaces’ are essential for seamless user interactions and crucial in ‘Console convenience features’. Similarly, ‘Spatial Utilization’ and ‘Aesthetic Elements’ significantly enhance user experience by merging functionality and visual appeal. This research outlines a UX-centered design approach for ‘Console convenience features’, providing a basis for further empirical research and prototype development.
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