소비자시민성이 기업공익활동에 대한 태도와 소비자충성도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
The Effect of Consumer Citizenship on Attitude toward CSR Activities and Consumer Loyalty
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최근 사회공익활동에 있어서 소비자시민성의 역할이 점차 중요해지고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 소비자 시민성의 각 구성요소(자율성, 공동체의식, 참여의식, 관용정신)들이 기업이 수행하는 공익활동의 관여도와 이미지를 거쳐 소비자충성도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서는 한국에 거주하는 일반인들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 연구의 모델 타당성 및 가설 검증을 위해 이단계 접근법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과 참여의식과 관용정신이 기업공익활동의 관여도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 공익활동관여도는 공익활동에 대한 이미지에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 기업공익활동에 대한 이미지는 제품의 태도를 거쳐 소비자충성도에 영향을 미친다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 본 연구는 기업의 사회공익활동에 있어서 소비자 시민성의 역할을 규명했다는데 큰 의의가 있다. 소비자시민성에 대한 이해는 기업이나 마케터가 기업의 공익활동에 대한 관심과 지각을 향상시킬 수 있는 개별화된 전략을 수립하는데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 특히 소비자들이 참여의식과 관용정신 등의 소비자시민성을 촉진하기 위한 다양한 프로그램을 개발하고, 이를 촉발시킬 수 있는 사회공익활동에 이들이 참여할 수 있도록 노력을 기울이는 것이 필요하다. 향후 연구에서는 마케팅 상황까지 포함될 수 있는 좀 더 체계적이고 명확한 소비자시민성의 측정을 통해 소비자시민성 연구의 활용성을 높일 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The role of consumer citizenship is becoming important in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. This study investigates the effects of the elements of consumer citizenship (autonomy, community spirit, participation, a spirit of tolerance) on consumer loyalty through the mediating variables of CSR involvement and image. A total of 304 usable responses were obtained from a sample of 313 consumers aged 18 or older in South Korea. Following the two-stage approach of model validation, measurement validity of each construct appearing in the structural model and hypothesized structural paths were tested. The findings show that participation and a spirit of tolerance have a significant effect on CSR involvement, which infers CSR image. CSR image also has an important influence on consumer loyalty through product attitude. This study reveals the role of consumer citizenship in CSR activities. Understanding more about consumer citizenship will help marketers to build customized strategies to improve consumer perception of a firm’s CSR attitude. Marketers especially should develop programs to promote participation and a spirit of tolerance and engage in CSR activities that will trigger these elements of consumer citizenship. It is recommended that future research identify more varied dimensions of consumer citizenship incorporating various perspectives of firm’s operational constituents, which will allow for a broader perspective toward determinants of CSR’s effectiveness.
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