“很多”与“很少”语义句法功能的不对称性考察

Abstract

The degree adverbs “hen” and qualitative adjective “duo”, “shao” compose “hen duo” and “hen shao” which are called isomorphic antonym. They seem like a pair structure but have opposite meaning. The meaning and grammatical function should be symmetrical, but in fact, it's not. The isomorphic antonym presents the asymmetry in actual use and causes usage errors of Chinese learners. This paper analyses the semantic and syntactic function about “hen duo” and “hen shao” through Corpus. First, collecting and organizing the corpus, combing the researches, concluded the meaning of “hen duo” and “hen shao”. Secondly, combining the asymmetry of the meaning, comparing the syntactic function with “hen duo” and “hen shao”. Cause the asymmetry of the meaning, they are asymmetric when they be a subject, object, attributive, complement for adjective, adverbial modifier. Moreover, the author will try best to find the reason of asymmetry of isomorphic antonym and hope that could do some favor for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.