근대이행기 퇴계학맥의 「심통성정도(心統性情圖)」 인식

Abstract

Why did the scholars of the school of Toegye continue to research “Simtongseongjeongdo(心統性情圖)” by Yi Hwang during the transition period to modern times? This question highlights the ongoing research, analysis, and interpretation of the “Simtongseongjeongdo”, the sixth diagram of Ten Diagrams on Sage Learning(聖學十圖) by Yi Hwang, includes the core of Yi Hwang's learning of principle, which presents his theory of mutual issuance of the principle and vital force(理氣互發說). Therefore, studies and analyses on “Simtongseongjeongdo” continued to be performed by the school of Toegye, which followed in Yi Hwang's footsteps. The school of Toegye protected Yi Hwang's theory, while it submitted the theory of actualized seven feelings(七情理發說) by trying a new interpretation of Jungdo(中圖) in “Simtongseongjeongdo”. In the 18th century, Yi Sangjeong(李象靖) composed Yi Hwang's theory as he inherited Hwang’s learning of principle faithfully and provided the beginning of the theory of actualized seven feelings. Jeong, Jongro(鄭宗魯), a follower of Yi, Sangjeong, argued the theory of actualized seven feelings. The school of Yeongnam did not easily accept Jeong Jongro's theory, as they had protected the theory of mutual issuance of the principle and vital force. However, the implications derived from Yi, Jinsang et al.(李震相) added a new dimension to Yi Hwang's learning of principle and the history of thought by reinterpreting it in the 19th century. Yi Hwang never actualized the seven feelings during his life. He just said that saints(聖人)' pure Cheong(情) means that 'Ki(氣: energy)' comes out following 'Li(理: reason)'. Thus, after the 18th century, the theory of actualized seven feelings of the school of Toegye was a strong independent interpretation regardless of Yi Hwang's original stand. Therefore, the scholars who protected Yi Hwang's learning of principle criticized the theory of actualized seven feelings as heresy(異端) and a misleading theory(邪說). In the school of Toegye, during the transition period to modern times, the overall arrangement work of “Simtongseongjeongdo” was done by Song, Inho and Song, Junpil in addition to a new interpretation of the theory of mutual issuance of the principle and vital force presented in it. Especially Song, Junpil rejected Yi, Jinsang et al.'s tendency to stretch the meaning of Jungdo in “Simtongseongjeongdo” by Yi Hwang and tried to identify and present the original meanings of his learning of principle by arranging the materials during the Japanese occupation.