四端七情論의 變化로 본 退溪學의 分化와 展開

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to divide four-seven debates of Yi Hwang as process of dispute, and to examine three classes how each of features is developed by junior scholars. In this paper, I examined specialization and development of Toegye philosophy focused on four-seven debates, by researching basic characteristics of Toegye philosophy, and process of specialization and transmission focused on these stances. Yi Hwang showed a delicate difference of the former part and the latter part in the process of four-seven debates with Gi Daeseung. Four-seven debates of Toegye philosophy grasps relation of four clues and seven emotions and it of Li and Gi as roughly classified relation, and asserts ‘Li issues’ which emphasizes activity of Li based on it. In the former part, these stances is emphasized, and in the latter part, these characteristics is tried to account in generalities of Zhuzixue by criticism of Gi Daeseung. In the former part radical conflict is emphasized, and in the latter part ‘Li and Gi cannot be mixed’is done on the situation which premises ‘Li and Gi cannot be separated’. On this base, in the former ‘Li issues’is emphasized, and in the latter ‘Li issues’is retreated by‘mutual occurrence of Li and Gi’. On Yi Hwang, these characteristics is minutely seen but junior scholars show clearly difference of viewpoints in process which accept his philosophy. Yi Hyeonil, scholar who represents the first step of development of Toegye philosophy, has consciousness of Toegye school and forms political and theoretical confrontation with Yulgok school, and in this process emphasizes the former theory of Yi Hwang. He interprets exhaustively relation of Li and Gi as focusing ‘Li and Gi cannot be mixed’, and on this base grasps four clues and seven emotions as each of different emotions. In addition, he asserts ‘Li issues’ without action of Gi. In comparison, Yi Sangjeong, who represents the second step, holds on the latter viewpoint of four-seven debates of Yi Hwang. It is to be aware of criticism of both inside and outside Toegye school, and tries to give prominence to character of Toegye philosophy in generalities of Zhuzixue. Relation of Li and Gi emphasizes ‘Li and Gi cannot be mixed’ which premises ‘Li and Gi cannot be separated’, and ‘theory of mutual occurrence of Li and Gi’settles as basic position which interprets ‘Li issues’. Moving on to the third step, these sorts of features emphasizes character of Toegye philosophy is represented as ‘Li as the unique cause’, and everything is grasped as ‘Li issues’, and the feature is developed as Yu Chimyeong who fixed basic position of Yi Jinsang and it of Yi sangjeong who assert ‘mind is principle’. the feature of Toegye philosophy is variously exposed from ‘Libalildo’ to ‘mutual occurrence of Li and Gi’. In this paper I examine these features in the viewpoint which is transmission and specialization.