독립 후 중앙아시아 이슬람의 재건과 부흥

Abstract

The Islamic landscape of Central Asia, which suffered a period of stagnation and disconnection from the broader Islamic community during the era of Russian Empire and Soviet domination, faced a period of reconstruction and revival following its liberation from the Soviet Union. The reconstruction and the revival of Islam unfolded through the efforts of independent Central Asian nations to rebuild Islamic traditions and cultures, with political leaders endeavoring to secure support from the public. Furthermore, the Central Asian countries re-established relations with the outside Islamic world after independence. This re-engagement facilitated the influx of Islamic missionaries and financial support from Islamic countries, significantly contributing to the construction of mosques and the establishment of Islamic educational institutions. As Islam was rebuilt and revived following independence, the religiosity of the Muslim individuals was also strengthening. In this process, the influence of fundamental Islam is also emerging alongside the reconstruction of traditional Islam. Central Asian governments are responding sensitively to this trend, directing efforts toward restoration and emphasis of moderate Islam of Hanafism and Sufism. More than three decades post-independence, recent Central Asian Islam stands at a crossroads between national traditional Islam or pan-Muslimism, and moderate inclusive Islam or fundamental and political Islam amid political and demographic changes.