담론민주주의와 시민참여: 21세기 마을회의를 중심으로
Deliberative Democracy and Citizen’s Participation: The Case of 21st Century Town Hall Meeting
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담론민주주의에 대한 사회적인 수요가 높은 때에 등장한 ‘21세기 마을회의’는 시민참여의 한 양식으로서 독특한 특성을 지닌다. 수천 명이 참가하는 대규모 토론을 모색한다는 점에서 집단지성의 집적을 기도한다. 소규모 집단의 대화에 의존한다는 점에서는 친밀감에 기초한 학습과정을 전제한다. 무엇보다도 비공식적인 시민사회의 의견을 권위적인 공적 의사로 전환하는 성격을 지녔다. 보다 가시적이고 구체적인 성과 배출을 목표로 한다는 점에서는 과업지향적인 참여 양식의 하나다. 다양한 정보와 시각이 균형 있게 반영되도록 했다는 점에서는 정부 정책의 정당성, 적실성, 수용성을 높이고 시민사회의 기대에 부응하는 효과가 크다. 시민참여를 통해 정부 정책이 수정, 보완된다는 점에서는 정책과정의 투명성, 책무성, 신뢰성을 높인다. 정부의 역할을 단순히 관리기능론적인 차원에서만 이해하는 것도 아니며 그렇다고 해서 권력론적인 시각에서만 이해하는 것도 아니다. 오히려 양자 간의 상호작용에 착안하고 주목하고자 한다.
Abstract
This is to explore and analyze functional implications of ‘21st Town Hall Meeting’, which has been suggested as one of the efficient tools to respond to increasing demands for citizen's participation and deliberative democracy in the States. It is to accumulate collective wisdom, assumes intimate learning process among the citizens, tries to convert informal opinions of civil society into authoritative or official policies of government, task oriented in the sense that it really attempts to produce tangible and concrete outcomes, designed to reflect so balanced view that legitimacy, relevancy, and acceptance of government policies are upgraded and so respond to citizen’s needs and aspirations. It is not simply to approach from a managerial perspective but also from a power struggle and sees the roles of government as outcome of interactions between them as well.
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