감각어의 의미 확장 양상과 특성
The Aspects and Properties of the Semantic Extension of Sense Words
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the aspects and properties of semantic extension of sense words on the basis of embodiment. The results are as follows. First, sense words encompass sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell as basic channels of human cognition. They consist of sense verbs and adjectives relating to body part nouns of sense organs such as ‘eye, ear, skin, tongue, and nose’. Second, the prototypical meaning of sense words is a verb or an adjective used primarily as an expression about the five senses. Extended meanings are subjective, metaphorical, psychological, and abstractive, related to the worlds of sentiment, mind, thought and judgment. In this case, semantic extension is based on embodiment, and its main mechanism is conceptual metaphor. Third, the activation degree of sense verbs and adjectives with extended meanings is ‘sight>hearing>touch>taste>smell’. This is motivated by the importance and sensitiveness of sense organs. In particular, the sight verb ‘boda’ has superiority in that its frequency is highest among the sense verbs, as is the number of its kinds of semantic extension. Fourth, in the polysemous use of sense words, the frequency of the prototypical meaning is highest in ‘boda’, ‘matda’, ‘balgda’, ‘huida’, ‘geomda’, ‘bulgda’, ‘pureuda’, ‘sikkeureobda’, ‘ttatteushada’, ‘dalda’, ‘sseuda’, ‘jjada’, etc. The frequency of the extended meaning is highest in ‘deutta’, ‘neukkida’, etc. This reveals that the frequency of the prototypical meaning is not always higher than that of the extended meaning.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore the aspects and properties of semantic extension of sense words on the basis of embodiment. The results are as follows. First, sense words encompass sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell as basic channels of human cognition. They consist of sense verbs and adjectives relating to body part nouns of sense organs such as ‘eye, ear, skin, tongue, and nose’. Second, the prototypical meaning of sense words is a verb or an adjective used primarily as an expression about the five senses. Extended meanings are subjective, metaphorical, psychological, and abstractive, related to the worlds of sentiment, mind, thought and judgment. In this case, semantic extension is based on embodiment, and its main mechanism is conceptual metaphor. Third, the activation degree of sense verbs and adjectives with extended meanings is ‘sight>hearing>touch>taste>smell’. This is motivated by the importance and sensitiveness of sense organs. In particular, the sight verb ‘boda’ has superiority in that its frequency is highest among the sense verbs, as is the number of its kinds of semantic extension. Fourth, in the polysemous use of sense words, the frequency of the prototypical meaning is highest in ‘boda’, ‘matda’, ‘balgda’, ‘huida’, ‘geomda’, ‘bulgda’, ‘pureuda’, ‘sikkeureobda’, ‘ttatteushada’, ‘dalda’, ‘sseuda’, ‘jjada’, etc. The frequency of the extended meaning is highest in ‘deutta’, ‘neukkida’, etc. This reveals that the frequency of the prototypical meaning is not always higher than that of the extended meaning.
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