間接的表現による日本語の「配慮表現」考

Abstract

Expression of consideration has a close relation with personal relation and shows various aspect, so it should take into account a meaning based on any speaking circumstance. This article aims at paying attention to a so-called indirect expression of consideration realized in a indirect form and indirect speech act and studying on various aspects from a pragmatic viewpoint. As a result of reviewing expressions of consideration by a unmarked form and an indirect speech act, following findings were clarified. Such forms as 「-yoo」「-daroo」「-e/ro(yo)」「-ba」「-eru/rareru」「-tai」are marked forms explicitly representing the meanings of volition, recommendation, conjecture, command, possibility and hope etc, while there are no marked forms involving expression of consideration. That is, there are any form used exclusively for expression of consideration, but various forms are involved depending on context, such as 「-yoo」「-daroo」「-e/ro(yo)」「-ba」「-eru/rareru」「-tai」「-te kure/moraeru」 etc., which indirectly includes the meaning of consideration. In that case, it is difficult to consistently that the case of using transitive verb rather than using intransitive verb becomes more expression of consideration, or the case of using a type of possibility or that of hope rather than using that of volition becomes more expression of consideration, it seems that it mainly relies on a context. Also expression of consideration in Japanese has a lot of cases of indicated as an indirect speech act.