日本語依頼表現の丁寧さ ―授受表現「てくれる・てもらう形」「させてくれる・させてもら う形」を中心に―

Abstract

This paper did a survey for Japanese mother tongus speakers, focusing on the 「てくれる・てもらう形」「さ せてくれる・させてもらう形」 among the honorific expressions used for the request. As a result, 1The intention of speaker who respected the listener and expressed the request of direct benefit was shown on the 「てくれる形」 used for the request.2「もらう」 can be expressed such that the subject of ostensible behavior is like speaker, even though the subject of real behavior is listener, therefore it shows the intention for more indirect benefit than 「くれる」.3When using 「させてくれる形・させてもらう形」, the speaker's strategy can decrease the burden of listener for the behavior which speaker will perform, and express that speaker's behavior can be beneficial not only for speaker but also for listener. 4When adding denial, possibility, passiveness and final particles 「か」 to the request expressions and making it more indirect and polite, even though the burden of speaker on the sentence organization becomes higher, this will lead to the consideration for listener therefore the burden of lisener will become lower. As a result, the possibility of request success, which will cause the benefit of speaker, will become higher.