捷解新語』における「程度副詞」について

Abstract

In this paper, “adverb of degree” is defined as an adverb of degree appearing inside a proposition that limits and evaluates the degree of a certain state, action, or quantity. The adverbs of degree appearing in Cheophaeshineo were classified into the subcategories of “adverbs of evaluative degree,” “adverbs of comparative degree,” and “adverbs of quantitative degree.” Cheophaeshineo contains eight types of adverbs of evaluative degree, which are used a total of 48 times. Among them, more than half modify words with stative properties such as adjectives and adjectival verbs, but there were also instances where they modify nouns or verbs. When modifying verbs, the verb mainly falls under the category of “non-limiting change verbs”, but there are other cases as well, indicating a combination of adverbs of evaluative degree. In addition, the modifier category of Korean adverbs appears to be more clear-cut than that of Japanese, as examples of modifiers for nouns do not appear as nouns in the corresponding Korean phrases. On the other hand, in the case of adverbs of quantitative degree, only2of the25uses modified stative words, while the remainder appeared in nominative or action-based verb sentences, and there were no restrictions on the semantic attributes of the combined modifiers. These characteristics can be interpreted as being due to the lexical property that the adverb of quantity limits the number or quantity of an object.