语用视角下的汉语句末语气词的功能研究
The Pragmatic Function Analysis of Chinese-Utterance Final Particles
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本文以关联和连贯理论为框架，探讨了汉语句末语气词“啊”、“吧”、“呢”的语用功能，得出的基本结论有：与“啊”和“吧”相比，“呢”的篇章功能更为突出，或者说，与“呢”相比，“啊”与“吧”的情态意义比较明显。本文还探讨了上述三个句末语气词语用功能差异背后的深层次原因。具体而言，与“啊”和“吧”相比，“呢”的意义主要是语气意义；“呢”字历史更为悠久；“呢”的语法化过程更为彻底。相比之下，“啊”和“吧”都具有较为明显的情态意义；两个语气词使用历史不长；它们的虚化过程还在继续。
Abstract
With relevance theory and coherence theory as the theoretical basis, this paper studies the pragmatic function of Chinese-Utterance final particles: a, ba and ne and claims that the discourse function of ne is stronger than a and ba. In other words, the modality meaning of a and ba is stronger than ne. This paper also studies the reason why a, ba and ne have different pragmatic functions and concludes that the meaning of ne is mainly the meaning of mood, ne has a longer history and the grammaticalization of ne is more complete while a and ba have obvious modality meaning; they have a shorter history than ne as mood particles and their grammaticalization still continues.
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