아일랜드의 평화구축 과정: 신뢰의 문제
The Irish Peace Process: A Question of Trust
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"본고는 아일랜드의 평화구축 과정을 분석, 협상, (지속적인) 실행의 단계를 거치는 갈등의 주기로 분석한다. 특히 ‘문제’를 ‘해결책’ 과 분리했다는 점이 중요하다. 문제에 대한 공동의 합의가 없으면해결책은 얻을 수 없다. 해결책에 도달하는 과정에서 외적 요소를비롯한 권위를 갖춘 제3자의 역할을 강조할 필요가 있다. 의사소통은 타자에 대한 인식을 수반하며 타자의 인식은 서로에 대한 이해와 대화의 가능성을 열어주는 협상의 본질이다. 아일랜드에서정치적 소통과 협상은 다양했고 성공과 실패가 계속되었다. 아일랜드의 평화 구축 과정은 불안한 세계의 모범으로 일컬어진다. 지역사회 관계는 서서히 개선되었고 서로를 향해 대화하는능력은 회복 중으로 일부는 예술적으로 사용되기도 했다. 지역사회에 걸쳐 다양한 집단들이 주기적으로 만남을 가졌다. 전직 전투원들은 다음 세대가 다시 폭력에 빠져들지 않기를 간절히 바랐다. 대화가 유행처럼 번졌다. 본질적으로 북아일랜드는 보다 공감할수 있는 공간이 되어갔다. 그러나 평화프로세스는 여전히 진행 중이다. 그동안 국제사회가 보다 나은 집단간 관계를 장려하는 데 긍정적인 역할을 했다면2015년 이후에는 많은 부분 약화되는 모습을 보였다. 브렉시트라는 외적 요소로 인해 집단 간 관계에 악영향을 미칠 수 있는 외부충격이 발생한 것이다."
Abstract
"This paper emphasizes the importance of timelines by analysing the life cycle of a conflict, one that has gone through the phases of analysis, negotiation and (continuing) implementation in the Irish peace process. It is real significance lay in separating ‘problem’ from ‘solution’. Until there was common agreement on the former the latter cannot be reached. And in arriving at a solution we need to stress the role of exogenous factors and prestigious third parties. Political communication and negotiations in the Irish peace process varied and success and failure continued. The Irish Peace Process is often heralded as an exemplar in a troubled world. Community relations were improving slowly. The capacity to talk to each other was on the mend and in some cases was being used artistically. In essence Northern Ireland was becoming a more empathetic place. But the peace process is still under way. If the international community played a positive role in encouraging better intergroup relations much of that was undermined in the latter half of the second decade of this century. The exogenous in the form of BREXIT has produced an external shock that has the capacity to damage these relations."
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