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기로에 선 북아일랜드: 성 금요일 평화협정 체결 이후 갈등과 평화의 동학

Northern Ireland at the crossroads: The Dynamics of Conflict and Peace after the Good Friday Agreement

황준서
EU연구소 (Institute for European Union Studies)|2021.05|EU연구 (Journal of European Union Studies)|제58호|pp. 91-122|DOI 10.18109/jeus.2021..58.91

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참고문헌

키워드

북아일랜드Northern Ireland모래시계 모델신자유주의 평화일상의 평화갈등과 평화의 동학Hourglass ModelNeoliberal PeaceEveryday PeaceDynamics of Peace and Conflict
주제분류지역학

초록

1998년에 북아일랜드는 1972년부터 약 30년 동안 계속되었던 무력분쟁을 멈추고 평화로운 사회를 건설하기 위한 여정을 시작했다. 그러나 그 길은 절대 순탄하지 않았으며, 오히려 최근 브렉시트 이후 정치적으로, 사회적으로 더욱 더 불안해지고 있다. 본 논문은 북아일랜드를 위로부터 타협된 평화, 아래로부터 만들어지는 평화, 평화의 반대자들이 구성하는 ‘평화와 갈등의 동학’이 존재하는 공간으로 파악한다. 그리고 Romsbotham, Woodhouse & Miall이 제시한 모래시계 모델(Hourglass Model)을 기반으로 이 동학을 분석하여 북아일랜드가 여전히 정치적으로, 사회적으로 불안정한 원인이 ‘갈등 봉합’ 중심 갈등 해결 접근방식에 있음을 밝히고자 한다.

Abstract

Northern Ireland embarked on its journey to a long-awaited peace after the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998. However, the road to peace has been bumpy and struck by Brexit, Northern Ireland is becoming more and more politically and socially unstable. This article understands Northern Ireland as a post-conflict space where three strands of peace and conflict - elite-brokered peace, localised bottom-up peace, and spoilers of peace - constitute ‘the dynamics of peace and conflict’. In light of Romsbotham, Woodhouse & Miall’s Hourglass Model, it argues that the socio-political instability of Northern Ireland is originated from its ‘conflict settlement’ approach to peace process.

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