태권도 수련생의 기본심리욕구와라이프스킬 개발에 대한 사범의 역할: 다층모형 분석
The Role of Instructors in Taekwondo Trainees' Basic Psychological Needs and Life Skills Development: A Multilevel Model Analysis
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 태권도 지도자의 라이프스킬 코칭과 수련생의 기본심리욕구 만족 그리고 라이프스킬 개발의 관계를 다층모형으로 분석하는 것이었다. 집락표집 방법을 이용하여 국내 태권도장 28곳에서 사범 28명(평균 33.25세; 남자 24명, 여자 4명)과 수련생 215명(평균 11.18세; 남자 141명, 여자 74명)을 모집했다. 각 도장에서 수석 사범 1명과 수련생 5명 이상이 참여하였고, 스포츠 라이프스킬 코칭 검사지(CLSS-Q), 아동용 기본심리욕구 척도, 그리고 스포츠 라이프스킬 검사지(LSSSA)를 이용해 자료를 수집했다. 다층모형 분석을 실시하여 지도자의 라이프스킬 코칭, 수련생의 기본심리욕구 및 라이프스킬 개발의 관계를 분석했다. 연구의 결과는 수련생들의 라이프스킬 개발이 사범의 라이프스킬 코칭에 의해 45% 설명되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 사범의 라이프스킬 코칭과 수련생의 기본심리욕구는 라이프스킬에 통계적으로 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나 라이프스킬 개발에 대한 라이프스킬 코칭과 기본심리욕구의 상호작용 효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 이 연구는 태권도 수련 환경에서 사범의 라이프스킬 코칭이 수련생들의 라이프스킬 개발에 직접적으로 관여한다는 시사점을 남긴다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between Taekwondo instructors' life skills coaching, trainees' basic psychological needs satisfaction, and life skills development using a multilevel model. Using the cluster sampling method, 28 instructors (average 33.25 years; Male=24, Female=4) and 215 trainees (average age 11.18 years; Male=141, Female=74) were recruited from 28 Taekwondo schools in Korea. One head instructor and more than five trainees from each school participated, and data were collected using the CLSS-Q, the BPNS-C, and the LSSA. A multilevel model analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between life skills coaching of instructor, basic psychological needs, and life skills development of trainees. The results showed that trainees' life skills development was explained by 45% through instructors' life skills coaching. Furthermore, instructors' life skills coaching and trainees' basic psychological needs had statistically significant direct effects on life skills development. However, the interaction effects between life skills coaching and basic psychological needs on life skills development were not statistically significant. This study highlights the direct involvement of Taekwondo instructors' life skills coaching in the development of trainees' life skills in the Taekwondo context.
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