유아의 외현화 문제행동과 학교준비도의 관계에서 또래 놀이 상호작용의 종단매개효과 검증
Preschool Interactive Peer Play Longitudinally Mediates the Effect of Externalizing Problem Behavior on School Readiness
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초록
연구목적: 본 연구의 초점은 유아가 일상의 근접환경인 교실에서 경험한 긍정적 또래 상호작용이 적응적 발달을 지원하는 주요 기제가 될 수 있다는 가정을 검증하는 데에 있다. 이를 위해, 유아의 초기 외현화 문제행동이 이후의 학교준비도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 이러한 영향을 또래 놀이 상호작용이 종단적으로 매개하는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 한국아동패널 5차년도(2012년)에서 7차년도(2014년) 조사에 연속해서 참여한 953가구의 유아자료(4세~6세)를 사용하였다. 자료는 이변량 상관분석과 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 분석되었다. 연구결과: 첫째, 유아의 초기 외현화 문제행동이 학령전환기의 학교준비도에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아가 교실에서 경험한 긍정적 또래 놀이 상호작용은 이러한 외현화 문제행동의 부정적 영향을 완전매개 하였다. 결론: 연구결과는 또래 놀이 상호작용이 학교준비도에 미치는 외현화 문제의 부정적 영향을 상쇄할 수 있다는 것을 보여줌으로써 또래 상호작용의 역할에 관한 기존의 가정을 실증적으로 지지했다는 의의를 지닌다. 연구의 시사점이 외현화 문제를 지닌 유아들의 탄력성 증진을 위한 조기 개입 관점에서 논의되었다.
Abstract
Objective: To test the hypothesis of positive peer interactions within proximal contexts as protective developmental mechanisms, this study examined whether preschool interactive peer play (age 5) mediated the effect of early externalizing behavior problem (age 4) on later school readiness (age 6) for a representative sample of Korean children. Methods: Using data (N=953) from 5th, 6th, and 7th wave of Panel Study on Korean Children, a series of regression analyses were conducted to test the mediating role of interactive peer play. Results: Having controlling for the gender of the children, early externalizing behavior problem had negative effects on later school readiness, and these effects were fully mediated by interactive peer play experience. Conclusions: The results empirically supported the hypothesis that positive peer interactions can enhance child resilience and lower the risk of early externalizing problems. The implications for developmental practice were discussed from an early intervention perspective.
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