‘새 관점의 바울 연구’ 다시 보기
Rethinking “the New Perspective on Paul”
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What should we think about “The New Perspective on Paul” (NPP), one of the hottest issues in recent Pauline studies? This article provides a critical analysis of the NPP by studying both its contributions and problems focusing on the works of EP Sanders, James Dunn and Tom Wright, who are currently the most out- standing advocates of the NPP. Although the article recognizes that the NPP has provided some new insights on the role of the covenant and the law within Second Temple Judaism (STJ), as well as on the social (horizontal) meaning of the righteousness (of God) in the Pauline epistles, it basically focuses on both the problems and weaknesses of the NPP by arguing against three problems and weaknesses of the NPP on STJ and Paul as follows: Firstly, the NPP's identification of STJ as ‘covenantal nomism’, the so called Archimedean point of the NPP, is one-sided, because more recent investigations of the STJ show that both covenantal nomism and legalism coexist within the STJ, especially in escha- tological teachings. Secondly, the NPP's identification of Paul's teaching of ‘justi- fication by faith’ as a circumstantial doctrine is one-sided, because ‘justification by faith’ belongs to the core teaching of Paul's gospel. Thirdly, the NPP's identification of ‘works of the law’ as a national identity of Jews is one-sided, because Paul uses ‘works of the law’ as the antithesis to ‘justification by faith’ in terms of a system whereby the final salvation is guaranteed through good works demanded by the entire law. Hence, the article concludes that the NPP misunderstands and mis- represents not only STJ but also Paul.
Abstract
What should we think about “The New Perspective on Paul” (NPP), one of the hottest issues in recent Pauline studies? This article provides a critical analysis of the NPP by studying both its contributions and problems focusing on the works of EP Sanders, James Dunn and Tom Wright, who are currently the most out- standing advocates of the NPP. Although the article recognizes that the NPP has provided some new insights on the role of the covenant and the law within Second Temple Judaism (STJ), as well as on the social (horizontal) meaning of the righteousness (of God) in the Pauline epistles, it basically focuses on both the problems and weaknesses of the NPP by arguing against three problems and weaknesses of the NPP on STJ and Paul as follows: Firstly, the NPP's identification of STJ as ‘covenantal nomism’, the so called Archimedean point of the NPP, is one-sided, because more recent investigations of the STJ show that both covenantal nomism and legalism coexist within the STJ, especially in escha- tological teachings. Secondly, the NPP's identification of Paul's teaching of ‘justi- fication by faith’ as a circumstantial doctrine is one-sided, because ‘justification by faith’ belongs to the core teaching of Paul's gospel. Thirdly, the NPP's identification of ‘works of the law’ as a national identity of Jews is one-sided, because Paul uses ‘works of the law’ as the antithesis to ‘justification by faith’ in terms of a system whereby the final salvation is guaranteed through good works demanded by the entire law. Hence, the article concludes that the NPP misunderstands and mis- represents not only STJ but also Paul.
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