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어머니의 심리적 안녕감, 양육행동 및 가정환경과 유아의 어린이집 또래관계 부적응

The relations of mothers' psychological well-being, parenting style, and home environment and peer relationship of toddlers

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

본 연구는 어머니의 심리적 안녕감과 양육행동, 그리고 유아의 가정환경이 유아기 또래관계에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 데에 목적이 있다. 한국아동패널 4차년도 자료 중 어린이집 교사가 응답한 또래관계 자료가 존재하는 800 가족을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 분석에 포함된 800명 유아의 평균 월령은 38.24개월이었다. 구조방정식모델링 분석 결과, 어머니의 심리적 안녕감은 어머니의 사회적 양육행동과 긍정적인 가정환경구성을 예측하였다. 유아의 가정환경이 인지적, 언어적 자극과 반응성 등을 제공할수록 어린이집에서 보이는 공격성 및 위축행동이 적게 나타나는 것으로 나타났다. 어머니의 사회적 양육행동과 또래부적응행동을 잇는 경로는 유의하지 않았다. 하지만 사회적 양육행동은 보다 나은 가정환경을 예측하여, 결과적으로 또래관계 부적응행동의 감소를 예측하였다. 정책적 제언으로서 어머니의 우울과 스트레스를 경감하고 자기효능감을 향상시키는 프로그램 개발의 필요성을 비롯하여 후속연구를 위한 방향을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The present study aimed at examining the effects of mothers' psychological well-being, parenting style, and home environment on toddlers' peer relationships. The study analyzed 800 families who participated Korean Child Panel Study the 4th wave and had data of teacher-rated peer relationship of the child. Mean age of the 800 children was 38.24 months old. The analysis of structural equation modeling revealed that mothers' psychological well-being significantly predicted more social parenting style and richer home environment of the toddlers. When the child’s home environment provided greater cognitive and language stimulation and sensitivity, the child was less likely to show aggression and withdrawal during peer relationship at child care settings. The direct path from parenting style to peer maladjustment behaviors was not significant. Rather, mothers' more social parenting style predicted better quality of home environment, which in turn, predicted less aggression and withdrawal in peer relationship among the toddlers. The results shed lights on the importance and need of parent-support program that can help mothers to alleviate depression and stress and improve self efficacy.

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