EU의 기술규정 통합과정 분석:New & Global Approach를 중심으로
An analysis on the integration procedures of the EU’s technical regulation : Focusing on New & Global Approach
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초록
본 논문은 국제교역의 자유화가 심화되는 상황에서 기술규정의 중요성을 EU의 기술규정 통합과정을 통해 분석하였다. WTO 중심의 다자차원에서 국가별 다양한 기술규정은 비관세장벽으로 인식되어 교역의 자유화에 점차 장애 요소로 작용하고 있으나, 국가별 이익의 상충으로 기술규정의 조화는 진전을 이루지 못하고 있다. EU는 ‘상호 인정의 원칙’을 바탕으로 회원국간 기술규정의 현대화 및 조화를 위해 ‘New Approach’와 ‘Global Approach’를 제정하였다. 이에 따라 CE marking 및 사후 시장감시 체제를 강화, 적합성 평가절차의 법적 토대를 마련하고, WTO 중심의 다자 및 FTA와 같은 양자 차원에서 선진화된 EU 기술규정의 국제화를 적극 추진하고 있다. 이는 현재 진행 중인 한-EU FTA 비관세장벽 협상에서 전기전자 분야 등을 중심으로 EU 규정의 수용을 요구하고 있다. 국제 교역에서 기술규정의 중요성이 점차 증대되고 있는 상황에서 한국은 수출주도형 국가라는 한계로 인한 소극적 대응 자세를 벗어나 해외 규제에 대한 적극적인 대응과 국내 기술표준의 국제 표준화를 위한 노력이 요구되고 있다.
Abstract
This paper is purposed to draw the justifications and the significant impact of the EU’s integration policy of technical regulation through examination of the EU’s policy change under the circumstance of deepening the international free trade. Various technical barriers of WTO member states have been recognised as non-tariff barriers, which eventually operates as obstacles for the international free trade. However, it is extremely difficult to harmonize these various technical barriers mainly due to the conflict of their interests regarding domestic regulations. The EU, based on the principle of mutual recognition, adopted ‘New Approach’ and ‘Global Approach’ for the purpose of the modernization and harmonisation of the member states’ technical regulations. Having introduced ‘New Approach for technical harmonisation and standardisation’ and ‘Global Approach for the appropriate conformity assessment procedures’, the EU has tried to eliminate the remaining obstacles for the free movement of good. According to these approach and relevant directives, the EU strengthened ‘CE marking' and ‘market surveillance system’, and set up the legal framework for conformity assessment. This efforts also enables the EU to internationalize its developed technical regulation through multilateral trade negotiations under the WTO and bilateral negotiations such as FTAs. The on-going FTA negotiation between Korea and the EU is the example, where the EU requests Korea to accept EU’s regulation, ‘SDoC’ in the field of electrical and el electronic session of the NTB section. However, the measures or policy responses Korea has taken so far on this issue have been lukewarm. This would be because Korea has had the export-oriented policy. Having considered the increasing importance of the technical regulation in the international trade, this paper suggests that Korea’s policy should change its direction to actively participate in discussing and establishing the international standards or regulations, and to implement multilateral rules and regulations as necessary. The harmonization of the domestic standards with the international ones also needs to be considered at this stage.
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