정부부패와 사회불신: 사회적, 개인적 차원에서의 관계 분석
An Analysis of Relationship between Government Corruption and Social Distrust in Social and Personal Dimensions
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 사회적/개인적 차원에서 정부부패와 사회불신이 어떤 인과성을 갖는지를 규명하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 사회적 차원의 국가수준 자료는 세계가치조사의 2005/2010년신뢰자료, 국제투명성기구의 부패지수, 이코노미스트의 민주화지수를 활용하고, 개인수준의자료는 한국종합사회조사의 2016년 자료를 활용하였다. 분석결과, 정부부패는 사회적/개인적차원 모두에서 사회불신과 강한 인과성을 나타냈다. 하지만 이러한 인과관계 메커니즘은 국가유형별 차이를 보였다. 시민문화가 발전된 OECD 국가에서는 정부부패→제도불신→대인불신의 관계가 뚜렷하게 나타났으나, 시민문화 없이 제도에만 의존하는 제3세계 국가나 전제주의국가에서는 정부부패가 제도불신에만 영향을 미치고 대인불신에는 영향력이 없었다. 이것은시민문화가 발전된 국가일수록 사회불신에 대한 정부부패의 사회 전반적인 파급력이 보다 크다는 것을 의미한다. 한국을 대상으로 한 개인적 차원의 분석에서도 OECD 국가의 결과와 동일한 패턴의 인과관계 메커니즘을 보였다. 하지만 한국은 민주화 지수 대비 정부의 투명성 수준이 너무 낮아 정부기관 부패 인식이 여타 국가보다 훨씬 높다는 특징을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 우리사회의 불신구조 개선에 필요한 정부 투명성 제고를 위한 향후과제에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the causality of government corruption and social distrust in social and personal dimensions using national and individual data. For this purpose, the national level data were used in 2005/2010 trust data of the World Value Survey, the corruption index of the Transparency International, and the democracy index of the Economist. The personal level data was used in 2016 data of the Korea Social Survey. As a result of the analysis, the relationship of government corruption and social distrust showed strong causality in both social and personal dimensions, but these causal mechanisms showed differences by country type. In OECD countries where civil culture has been developed, the effect of government corruption to the social distrust was evident both institutional and interpersonal distrust. But in the third world countries or tyrannical countries that rely only on institutions without civil culture, government corruption only affected institutional distrust and there was no influence on interpersonal distrust. This means that the nation with advanced civil culture has a greater social impact on social distrust of government corruption. In the personal analysis of Korea, the same pattern of causal mechanism was shown as the results of OECD countries. However, Korea showed a characteristic that the government's transparency level was too low compared to the democracy index, and the perception of corruption in government agencies was much higher than any other countries. Based on these results, this study discussed future tasks to improve government transparency in accordance with our situation.
참고문헌 (51)
- 부패와 경제성장의 상관관계 연구, "국민권익위원회", ~ (2017)
- 김상묵, "사회신뢰와 정부의 역할", 한국공공관리학보, 32(2), pp.1~24 (2018), 한국공공관리학회[DOI]
- 김승현, "사적 신뢰, 보편적 신뢰 및 제도적 신뢰 간의 관계: 발틱국가 중심의 사례비교연구", 한국공공관리학보, 32(4), pp.1~25 (2018), 한국공공관리학회[DOI]
- 김태영, "정부신뢰 제고를 위한 대안 탐색: 정부의 사회적 책임(GSR)을 중심으로", 한국공공관리학보, 31(4), pp.123~144 (2017), 한국공공관리학회[DOI]
- 박푸름, "정부신뢰모형 도출을 위한 영향요인 분석", 한국공공관리학보, 32(3), pp.255~281 (2018), 한국공공관리학회[DOI]
- 박희봉, "공･사조직의 조직 문화와 조직 사회자본: Hofstede의 모형을 중심으로", 한국공공관리학보, 32(3), pp.381~403 (2018), 한국공공관리학회[DOI]
- 사공영호, "불신사회에서의 제도실패와 문화왜곡", 한국행정학보, 35(2), pp.81~96 (2001)
- 연합뉴스, "이웃도, 정부도 못 믿는 한국...타인 신뢰도 OECD 국가 중 23", 연합뉴스 2017.2.9., ~ (2017)
- 이희창, "시민적 도덕성에 미치는 영향요인 분석: 한･중･일 3국을 중심으로", 국가정책연구, 31(2), pp.27~56 (2017), 국가정책연구소[DOI]
- 정해식, "복지국가, 사회신뢰의 관계분석과 시사점", 보건･복지 Issue & Focus, 2014(44) (2014)
- 현대경제연구원, "OECD 비교를 통해 본 한국 사회자본의 현황 및 시사점: 공적시스템 회복을 위한 국가시스템 개조가 필요하다", 경제주평, 14(21) (2014)
- Anderson, C.J., "Corruption, Political Allegiances, and Attitudes toward Government in Contemporary Democracies", American Journal of Political Science, 47, pp.91~109 (2003)
- Berman, S., "Civic Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic", World Politics, 49, pp.401~429 (1997)
- Brehm, J., "Individual-level Evidence for the Causes and Consequences of Social Capital", American Journal of Political Science, 41, pp.999~1023 (1997)
- Ciziceno, M., "Perceived Corruption and Individual’s Life Satisfaction:The Mediating Role of Institutional Trust", Social Indicators Research, 141, pp.685~701 (2019)
- Daskalopoulou, I., "Inividual-Level Evidence on the Casual Relationship between Social Trust and Institutional Trust", Social indicators Research, 144, pp.275~298 (2019)
- Social Trust: Global Pattern or Nordic Excepionalism, "Delhey, J.", ~ (2004)
- "Democracy Index" (2019)[URL]
- Fukuyama, F., "Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity" (1995), The Free Press
- Gillanders, R., "Public Sector Corruption and Trust in the Private Sector", Journal of International Development, 30, pp.1288~1317 (2018)
- The Role of Social Capital in Financial Development, "Guiso, L.", National Bureau of Economic Research, ~, pp.Working Paper No. W7563 (2000)
- Hacek, M., "Problems of Corruption and Distrust in Political and Administrative Institutions in Slovenia", Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 46, pp.255~261 (2013)
- Inoguchi, T., "Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary Society", pp.359~392 (2002), Oxford University Press
- Kaase, M., "Interpersonal Trust, Political Trust and Non-Institutionalised Political Participation in Western Europe, West European", Politics, 22(3), pp.1~21 (1999)
- Kubbe, I., "Corruption and Trust: A Mdel Design", Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft, 7(S1), pp.117~135 (2013)
- Ma, D., "Institutional and Cultural Factors of Political Trust in Eight Asian Societies:Comparative Analysis", Comparative Economic and Social Systems, 5, pp.79~86 (2007)
- Maloney. W. Smith, "Social Capital and Urban Governance: Adding a More Conceptualized 'Top-Down' Perspective", Political Studies, 48, pp.802~820 (2000)
- Mishler, W., "What are the Political Consequences of Trust?: A Test of Cultural and Institutional Theories in Russia", Comparative Political Studies, 38, pp.1050~1074 (2005)
- Morris, S. D., "Corruption and Trust: Theoretical Considerations and Evidence From Mexico", Comparative Political Studies, 43(10), pp.1258~1285 (2010)
- Newton, K., "The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior", pp.342~361 (2007), Oxford University Press
- Society at a Glance 2019: OECD Social Indicators, "OECD", ~ (2019)
- Pharr, Susan, J., "Disaffected Democracies: What『s Troubling the Trilateral Countries?" (2000), Princeton University Press
- Philp, M., "Political Corruption Concept and Context", pp.41~57 (2009), Transaction Publishers
- Putnam, R. D., "Making Democracy Work : Civic Traditions in Modern Italy" (1993), Princeton University Press
- Richey, S., "The Impact of Corruption on Social Trust", American Politics Research, 38(4), pp.676~690 (2010)
- Rothstein, B., "Corruption and Social Trust: Why the Fish Rots from the Head Down", Social Research, 70(4), pp.1009~1032 (2013)
- Rothstein, B., "Political Corruption and Social Trust: An Experimental Approach", Rationality and Society, 21(1), pp.81~112 (2009)
- Rountree, P. W., "Burglary Victimization, Perceptions of Crime Risk and Routine Activities: A Multilevel Analysis Across Seattle Neighborhoos and Census Tracks", Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 33, pp.147~180 (1996)
- Rothstein, B., "All for All. Equality, Corruption and Social Trust", World Politics, 58(3), pp.41~73 (2005)
- Bowling for Fascism: Social Capital and the Rise of the Nazi Party in Weimar Germany 1919-33, "Satyanath, . S.", National Bureau of Economic Research, ~ (2013)
- Schafera, J. A., "Fear of Crime and Criminal Victimization:Gender0based Contrasts", Journal of Criminal Justice, 34, pp.285~301 (2006)
- Skogan, W. G., "Crime and the Racial Fears of White Americans", Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 539, pp.59~71 (1995)
- Seligson, M. A., "The Impact of Corruption on Regime Legitimacy: A Comparative Study of Four Latin American Countries", The Journal of Politics, 64(2), pp.408~433 (2002)
- Svallfors, S., "Government Quality, Egalitarianism, and Attitudes to Taxes and Social Spending: A European Comparison", European Political Science Review, 5(3), pp.363~380 (2013)
- "What is Corruption?" (2019)[URL]
- Uslaner, E.M., "Trust and Corruption Revisited: How and Why Trust and Corruption Shape Each Other", Qual Quant, 47, pp.3603~3608 (2013)
- Wang, C. H., "Government Performance, Corruption, and Ppolitical Ttrust in East Asia", Social Science Quarterly, 97(2), pp.211~231 (2016)
- Whitaker, J. K., "John Stuart Mill’s Methodology", Journal of Political Economy, 83(5), pp.1033~1049 (1975)
- Where is the Wealth of Nation, "World Bank", ~ (2006)
- World Development Report, 1997, "World Bank", ~ (1997)
- Zak, P. J., "Trust and Growth", The Economic Journal, 111, pp.295~321 (2001)