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규범권력과 규범적 위협 개념을 바탕으로 본 EU 가치 훼손에 대한 EU의 대응 - EU의 헝가리·폴란드 법치주의 훼손 사건에 대한 대응을 중심으로

EU Response on the Breach of Value Based Normative Power of the EU and Normative Threat Concept - Focusing on the EU's response to Rule of Law Breach in Hungary and Poland

고주현|서은빈
EU연구소 (Institute for European Union Studies)|2021.08|EU연구 (Journal of European Union Studies)|제59호|pp. 285-328|DOI 10.18109/jeus.2021..59.285

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법치주의EU규범권력Rule of LawNormative Power가치공동체규범적 위협Normative ThreatValue-based Community
주제분류지역학

초록

헝가리와 폴란드의 EU 가치 훼손이 두드러짐에 따라 EU는 리스본조약 제7조의 적용, 법치주의 프레임워크의 도입 및 적용, 법치주의예산 연계조항의 도입과 같은 적극적인 대응을 보이고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 EU의 대응을 규범권력 정체성을 바탕으로 이해하고, 그 정체성을 위반하는 행위에 대해서는 규범적 위협 개념을 통해 설명하고자 한다. EU는 헝가리와 폴란드의 법치주의 훼손에 대하여 대부분의경우 정체성에 부합하는 행동을 보였지만, 법치주의-예산 연계조항도입 과정에서 스스로 규범권력적 정체성을 포기하는 모습을 보이기도 했다. 이러한 대응은 EU가 이 사건을 법치주의에 대한 위반, 규범권력 행위자로서 갖는 능력과 가치공동체적 성격에 대한 전복으로 인식하고 있다는 점에 기인한다. EU가 정체성 보전을 위해 스스로 정체성을 위반할 수 있다는 점은 EU 정체성에 부정적 영향을 줄 수 있다

Abstract

The breach of EU values in Hungary and Poland is becoming a serious problem within the EU. This is because EU put emphasis on its value in that it is a value-based community and that it is pursuing Normative Power as an identity. EU is showing active responses such as the application of Article 7 of Lisbon Treaty, the adoption and application of the Rule of Law Framework, and Rule of Law Conditionality in the EU budget. This paper seeks to understand the EU response based on the EU’s Normative Power, and illustrates behaviors that violate that identity through Normative Threat, a concept intended to address identity threat. The Article 7 of Lisbon Treaty and the Rule of Law Framework were implemented in accordance with the Normative Power concept, but they were not considered to have improved Rule of Law situation in Hungary and Poland, and lacked influence. In the case of Rule of Law Conditionality in the EU budget, it has not yet been applied, but the EU has violated its Normative Power identity in the process of adopting the clause. This response is due to the fact that the EU recognizes Hungary and Poland's value infringement as a Transgression of rule of law, a Subversion of their ability as Normative Power, and a Subversion of their value-based community characteristic. Confidence in the value of rule of law is maintained, but this incident has led to the question of the ability to set norms and spread norms and the status of the value-based community EU. The fact that the EU can violate its identity on its own to preserve its identity has a negative effect on the identity of the EU.

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