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가치일치와 직무 관련 변인 간의 관계: 정체성 융합의 매개효과

The Relation between Value Congruence and Work-Related Variables: The Mediating Role of Identity Fusion

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초록

본 연구는 조직 내에서 구성원들이 지각하는 가치일치와 직무 관련 변인(직무 만족, 직무 열의, 이직 의도)과의 관계를 살펴보고, 그 관계를 정체성 융합과 조직 동일시가 매개하는지 확인하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 가치일치는 구성원이 지각하는 개인과 조직 사이의 일치와 개인과 동료 사이의 일치라는 두 가지 측면을 각각 측정하였다. 연구 1에서는 조사회사를 통해 직장인 150명을 대상으로 가치일치, 정체성 융합, 조직 동일시, 그리고 직무 관련 변인들을 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 개인-조직 가치일치와 직무 만족, 직무 열의, 이직의도와의 관계를 정체성 융합이 매개하였다. 즉, 조직과 가치일치가 높다고 지각하는 직장인들은 조직과의 정체성 융합을 강하게 느끼고, 이에 따라 높은 직무 만족과 직무 열의, 그리고 낮은 이직 의도를 나타냈다. 정체성 융합의 간접효과는 개인-동료 가치일치와 직무 관련 변인들 간의 관계에서도 유의했다. 한편, 개인-조직 가치일치와 개인-동료 가치일치가 조직 동일시를 통해 직무 만족과 열의로 이어지는 경로는 유의했으나, 이직 의도에서는 조직 동일시의 간접효과가 유의하지 않았다. 연구 2에서는 대기업에 종사하는 직장인 148명을 대상으로 연구 1과 동일한 문항에 응답하게 하였다. 연구결과, 높은 개인-조직 가치일치 및 개인-동료 가치일치를 보고한 직장인들은 직무 만족과 열의가 높았고 이직 의도가 낮았는데, 자신과 직장 간의 높은 정체성 융합이 이 관계를 매개하였다. 반면, 개인-조직 및 개인-동료 가치일치와 직무 관련 변인들 간의 관계에서 조직 동일시의 간접효과는 개인-조직 가치일치와 직무 만족으로 이어지는 경로 외에 모두 유의하지 않았다. 종합적으로, 조직의 규모와 종류에 상관없이 조직 및 직장동료와의 가치와 자신의 가치가 일치한다고 지각한 사람들은 직장과의 정체성 융합이 높아 직무에 만족하고 열의가 높으며 이직 의도가 낮았다.

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the relations between employees’ perceived value congruence and work-related variables (job satisfaction, work engagement, and intent to quit) and to test the indirect effects of identity fusion between the two. Value congruence was assessed by two ways: employee-organization value congruence and employee-coworker value congruence. In Study 1, 150 full-time employees responded to the batteries of measures including value congruence, identity fusion, organization identification, and work-related variables. The results showed that perceived employee-organization value congruence was positively related to job satisfaction and work engagement and negatively related to intent to quit via identity fusion. A significant indirect effect of identity fusion was also present between employee-coworker value congruence and work-related variables. Although both employee-organization and employee-coworker value congruence were positively related to job satisfaction and work engagement via organizational identification, the path to intent to quit was not significant. In Study 2, 148 employees who worked in a major company in South Korea completed the same measures as in Study 1. It was found that employee-organization and employee-coworker value congruences were positively related to job satisfaction and work engagement, and negatively related to intent to quit through identity fusion. In contrast, the indirect effects of organization identification between value congruence and job-related variables were not significant except for the path between employee-organization value congruence and job satisfaction. Taken together, regardless of the size and type of organization, those who perceived their values to be congruent with those of the organization and their coworkers were more likely to be satisfied with and engaged in their jobs, and less likely to have intents to quit due to high identity fusion with their organizations.

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