교차성을 지니고 정치적 주체되기 : 소저너 트루스의 연설을 중심으로
Political Subjectification with Intersectionality:Focusing on Sojourner Truth’s Speeches
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This paper analyzes how Sojourner Truth, an iconic figure in the 19th century abolition and suffrage movement, becomes a political subject in Rancièrean sense, negotiating and compromising her status under interlocking oppressions. In 1851, giving a speech in Ohio Women’s Rights Convention, she asks a question, “Ain’t I a Woman?” While this question has been interpreted to claim black women’s womanhood, which has been often denied, or differentiated from that of white women, this paper finds that this question aims at double targets, male audience and white female audience. As the question disrupts binary opposition between male and female by presenting an image of a black woman who is strong as much as man, it also brings out a black woman’s experience, which is regularly overlooked in white women’s feminism. Sixteen years later, in 1867, Truth gives a speech in American Equal Rights Association. Suffrage movement was on the verge of divide over the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which permitted voting right to black men. Truth, apparently taking no side, and therefore leaving room for any side to interpret her position in their favor, points out, “not a word about the colored women.” Through this comment, borrowing Rancière’s expression, Truth inscribes herself as a political subject, arousing disagreement over the agenda of the discussion and qualifications of the legitimate participants.
Abstract
This paper analyzes how Sojourner Truth, an iconic figure in the 19th century abolition and suffrage movement, becomes a political subject in Rancièrean sense, negotiating and compromising her status under interlocking oppressions. In 1851, giving a speech in Ohio Women’s Rights Convention, she asks a question, “Ain’t I a Woman?” While this question has been interpreted to claim black women’s womanhood, which has been often denied, or differentiated from that of white women, this paper finds that this question aims at double targets, male audience and white female audience. As the question disrupts binary opposition between male and female by presenting an image of a black woman who is strong as much as man, it also brings out a black woman’s experience, which is regularly overlooked in white women’s feminism. Sixteen years later, in 1867, Truth gives a speech in American Equal Rights Association. Suffrage movement was on the verge of divide over the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which permitted voting right to black men. Truth, apparently taking no side, and therefore leaving room for any side to interpret her position in their favor, points out, “not a word about the colored women.” Through this comment, borrowing Rancière’s expression, Truth inscribes herself as a political subject, arousing disagreement over the agenda of the discussion and qualifications of the legitimate participants.
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