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빅토리아시대의 악몽: 드라큘라

A Nightmare of the Victorian Age:Dracula

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This essay aims at analyzing Bram Stoker’s Dracula not as a mere fantasy story about vampires but as a nightmare of the Victorian Age, which oppressed women, racial others, and colonies. This analysis is hinged upon an understanding of the Victorian Age as the Janus- faced period in which one half sends cheers toward progresses in science and civilization and the other half throws curses toward women, lower classes, and the colonized. On the one hand, Dracula can be read as dealing with a sort of “witch hunt” of female sexuality; on the other, it is about reinforcing the colonial cause and dispelling the fear of reverse colonization by the racial others. No matter how Dracula is described as an exotic, demonic foreigner in the text, the text Dracula, after all, reflects nothing but the self-portrait of the Victorian Age, which sucked the blood of women, the lower classes, and colonies.

Abstract

This essay aims at analyzing Bram Stoker’s Dracula not as a mere fantasy story about vampires but as a nightmare of the Victorian Age, which oppressed women, racial others, and colonies. This analysis is hinged upon an understanding of the Victorian Age as the Janus- faced period in which one half sends cheers toward progresses in science and civilization and the other half throws curses toward women, lower classes, and the colonized. On the one hand, Dracula can be read as dealing with a sort of “witch hunt” of female sexuality; on the other, it is about reinforcing the colonial cause and dispelling the fear of reverse colonization by the racial others. No matter how Dracula is described as an exotic, demonic foreigner in the text, the text Dracula, after all, reflects nothing but the self-portrait of the Victorian Age, which sucked the blood of women, the lower classes, and colonies.

참고문헌 (27)

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  2. 이준서, "공포와 욕망의 그림자 -브램 스토커의 『드라큘라』분석", 독어독문학, 45(4), pp.25~45 (2004), 한국독어독문학회
  3. 정미경, "환타지, 과학, 『드라큘라』의 성담론", 영어영문학, 52(3), pp.671~696 (2006), 한국영어영문학회
  4. Armstrong, Nancy, "Desire and Domestic Fiction: A Political History of the Novel" (1987), Oxford UP
  5. Arrata, Stephen D., "The Occidental Tourist: Dracula and the Anxiety of Reverse Colonization", Victorian Studies, 33, pp.621~645 (1990)
  6. "Dracula: Between Myth and Reality"[URL]
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  9. Cunningham, Gail, "The New Woman and the Victorian Novel" (1978), Barnes and Noble
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  13. Griffin, Gail, "‘Your Girls That You All Love Are Mine’: Dracula and the Victorian Male Sexual Imagination", International Journal of Women’s Studies, 3, pp.454~465 (1980)
  14. Howe, Marjorie, "The Meditation of the Feminine: Bisexuality, Homoerotic Desire, and Self-Expression in Bram Stoker’s Dracula", Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 30, pp.104~119 (1988)
  15. Jackson, Rosemary, "Fantasy: The Literature of Subversion" (1998), Routledge
  16. Kane, Michael, "Insiders", Outsiders: Conrad’s The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’ and Bram Stoker’s Dracula, 1997, pp.92, 1~21
  17. Luckhurst, Roger, "Dracula", pp.363~391 (2011), Oxford UP
  18. Ludlam, Harry, "A Biography of Dracula: The Life Story of Bram Stoker" (1962), Fireside Press
  19. McKee, Patricia, "Racialization, Capitalism, and Aesthetics in Stoker’s Dracula", NOVEL: A Forum on Fiction, 36, pp.42~60 (2002)
  20. Moretti, Franco, "Signs Taken for Wonders: Essays in the Sociology of Literature Forms", pp.83~108 (1983), Verso
  21. Roth, Phyllis, "Suddenly Sexual Women in Bram Stoker’s Dracula", Literature and Psychology, 27, pp.113~121 (1977)
  22. Senf, Carol A., "Dracula’: Stoker’s Response to the New Woman", Victorian Studies, 26, pp.33~49 (1982)
  23. Senf, Carol A., "Dracula: The Unseen Face in the Mirror", The Journal of Narrative Technique, 9, pp.160~170 (1979)
  24. Stevenson, John Allen, "A Vampire in the Mirror: The Sexuality of Dracula", PMLA, 103, pp.139~149 (1988)
  25. Stoker, Bram, "Dracula" (2011), Oxford UP
  26. Weissman, Judith, "Women and Vampires: Dracula as Victorian Novel", Midwest Quarterly, 18, pp.392~405 (1977)
  27. Willis, Martin, "‘The Invisible Giant,’ Dracula, and Disease", Studies in the Novel, 39, pp.301~325 (2007)

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