역사적 관점에서 본 이탈리아 르네상스
Italian Renaissance in the historical point of view
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Understanding of scholars about Renaissance has some differences from the Age of Enlightenment to the Contemporary Period. Jacob Burckhardt was the great discoverer of the age of the Renaissance and the first master of cultural history. About half of the original edition was devoted to the art of the Renaissance. He defined the Renaissance as the period between Giotto and Michelangelo in Italy, that is, the 14th to mid-16th centuries. He saw in the Renaissance the emergence of the modern spirit of individuality, which the Middle Ages had stifled. Johan Huizinga acknowledged the existence of the Renaissance but questioned whether it was a positive change. In his book The Waning of the Middle Ages, he argued that the Renaissance was a period of decline from the High Middle Ages, destroying much that was important. Medieval scholars of the early 20th century asserted Renaissance of the Twelfth Century influenced the Italian Renaissance of the 15th century. But after the mid 20th century some of renaissance scholars refused this opinion. Many historians now prefer to use the term “Early Modern” for the period of the Renaissance, a more neutral designation that highlights the period as a transitional one between the Middle Ages and the modern era. More recently, some historians have been much less keen to define the Renaissance as a historical age, or even as a coherent cultural movement. I assert that the Italian Renaissance of the 15th century was a cultural movement.
Abstract
Understanding of scholars about Renaissance has some differences from the Age of Enlightenment to the Contemporary Period. Jacob Burckhardt was the great discoverer of the age of the Renaissance and the first master of cultural history. About half of the original edition was devoted to the art of the Renaissance. He defined the Renaissance as the period between Giotto and Michelangelo in Italy, that is, the 14th to mid-16th centuries. He saw in the Renaissance the emergence of the modern spirit of individuality, which the Middle Ages had stifled. Johan Huizinga acknowledged the existence of the Renaissance but questioned whether it was a positive change. In his book The Waning of the Middle Ages, he argued that the Renaissance was a period of decline from the High Middle Ages, destroying much that was important. Medieval scholars of the early 20th century asserted Renaissance of the Twelfth Century influenced the Italian Renaissance of the 15th century. But after the mid 20th century some of renaissance scholars refused this opinion. Many historians now prefer to use the term “Early Modern” for the period of the Renaissance, a more neutral designation that highlights the period as a transitional one between the Middle Ages and the modern era. More recently, some historians have been much less keen to define the Renaissance as a historical age, or even as a coherent cultural movement. I assert that the Italian Renaissance of the 15th century was a cultural movement.
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