중국의 “폐기물 제로 도시(无废城市)” 사업 추진 현황 고찰

Abstract

This study attempted to examine how China is moving to solve the problem of waste generation and disposal, which is increasing day by day, from the viewpoint of China that has the problem. This study took notice of the “No-waste City” project, which China began to promote from the end of 2018, and examined concrete plans to promote the project in detail. The characteristics the “No-waste City” project of China are: First, the project was not activated by the presentation of visions at the level of individual cities followed by citizens’ participation but was implemented in the form of a pilot project for which the central government designated certain cities as implementing cities in a lump. Second, rather than ultimately realizing “zero(0)” of waste, the project is aiming at the “minimization” of waste at a somewhat mitigated level. Third, rather than protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development through the protection in a broad sense, the project focuses on solving the present problem, that is, the waste management problem. This study compared the present situations of promotion of the project in Shenzhen and Baotou among the 16 pilot cities that are currently promoting the “No-waste City” project. Shenzhen is a city where much more household wastes are generated than industrial wastes, and Baotou is a representative industrial waste discharging city. Accordingly, the projects in these two cities are being developed differently in terms of the focus of waste management, fund investment plans, and the natures of major projects.