스페인어 부사절간의 인지적 인접성과 법의 사용: 직설법과 접속법
Cognitive Adjacencies of Spanish Adverbial Clauses in Relation with the Mood Choice: Indicative vs. Subjunctive
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초록
본고에서는 인지언어학의 전형이론(teoría de prototipos)과 가족유사성(semejanza de familia) 개념을 적용하여 스페인어의 다양한 부사절에 쓰인 법의 쓰임을 설명하고자 하였다. 스페인어의 부사절은 주절과 함께 정신공간에서 두 개의 명제를 형성하고 이 두 명제는 ‘원인-효과’(causa-efecto)관계를 구성하게 된다고 보았다. 이 인지적 틀에 따라 이유, 양보, 조건, 시간, 목적, 결과를 나타내는 스페인어 부사절간의 인지적 인접성을 보여주는 도식을 구현해보았다. 사실성(factual)이 전제된 원인-효과 관계에서 가장 원형적인 구문은 이유구문과 결과구문이며 직설법이 선호된다. 대조적으로 비사실성인 원인-결과 관계에 나머지 부사절이 해당되는데 이 경우엔 접속법이 선호된다. 하지만 적절한 법의 최종 결정은 화용적 층위에서 화자가 표현하고자 하는 정보가치에 의거하여 이루어진다.
Abstract
This study aims to explain the mood choice in Spanish adverbial clauses applying cognitive approaches such as Theory of Prototypes and Family Resemblances. We suppose that adverbial clauses with their main clauses construct a chain of two propositions in mental space which can be interpreted as a relation of ‘cause-effect’. According to this cognitive frame, we illustrated a diagram in which semantic features of Spanish adverbial clauses such as cause, concession, condition, future time, purpose and result reflect cognitive adjacencies among themselves. The most prototypical features in a factual cause-effect cognitive frame are engaged in causal and consecutive clauses in which indicative mood is preferred. In contrast, non factual cause-effect relations, in which other adverbial clauses are involved, favour subjunctive mood. However, the final decision of appropriate mood will be made in consideration with the informative value that speaker intends to express at a pragmatic level.
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