從陳乾事件看清初朝鮮王朝對中國漂流民遣返方式的改變

Abstract

This paper focuses on the change of the way of returning of the chinese drifters to Joseon during the early period of the Qing Dynasty. The study is based on "Bibyunsadeunglok"(『備邊司謄錄』, Records of the Border Defense Council) which recorded the Chinese drifter's cases, and with reference to the record of "Annals of the Joseon Dynasty (『朝鮮王朝實錄』), the "Tongmunhwuigo"(『同文彙考』) and "Jiyeongnok"(『知瀛錄』),"Jeongmi-jeonsinnok"(『丁未傳信錄』), "Overseas Travelogue"(『海外聞見錄』). The study is based on three drifting events and discusses the transformed node of Joseon Dynasty on the way of returning of the Chinese drifters, the cause of this change and the political and diplomatic reality reflected in the change. Joseon Dynasty repatriated the Chinese drifters from the land strictly, and the only one fundamental reason is the high pressure and strong supervision from Qing Dynesty. With the analysis of many of drifting cases, we can conclude that returning the drifters by land was the preferred way of Joseon Dynasty. After this event, The Qing Dynasty made it clear that Joseon Dynasty could return drifters by sea through official documents. And after this, Joseon confirmed that Qing Dynasty lifted the ban of maritime trade from the year of 1684. In a word, the political and diplomatic considerations rather than moral force (Confucian Ethics) changed the way of returning China drifters to Chosun Kingdom.