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대안세계화운동과 급진좌파 정당: 영국 사회주의노동자당과 프랑스 혁명적공산주의동맹의 경험

Alterglobalization Movements and Radical Left Parties: Experiences of Socialist Workers Party and Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

이 논문은 영국의 사회주의노동자당(SWP)과 프랑스의 혁명적공산주의동맹(LCR)이 시도했던 급진좌파 정당 건설 과정을 검토한다. 21세기 들어 유럽에서 급진좌파정당들이 약진한 배경에는 신자유주의 조건에서 사회민주주의 정당의 우경화와 대안세계화운동의 고조 및 트로츠키주의 혁명좌파의 개입이 있었다. SWP는 공동전선전술에 의거하여 리스펙트를 건설한 반면, LCR은 범좌파정당 건설 방침에 따라 반자본주의신당(NPA)으로 확대 개편되었다. SWP와 NPA는 대안세계화운동에 개입하기 위해 트로츠키적 의미의 이행기강령을 채택했다. SWP와 LCR이 급진좌파 정당건설을 통해 대안세계화운동에 개입과 연대를 모색한 것은 21세기 사회주의의 구현을 위한 새롭고 중요한 시도이다.

Abstract

This paper compares the experiences of building the radical left parties attempted by Socialist Workers Party(SWP) in Britain and Ligue Communiste Révolutionnaire(LCR) in France. Behind the emergence of the radical left parties in Europe since the beginning of this century were the active interventions of Trotskyist organizations like SWP or LCR as well as the rise of alterglobalization movements against the rightward shifts of existing social democratic parties under the pressures of neoliberalism. While SWP built another party, Repect, as ‘a special kind of the united front’, LCR expanded themselves into ‘a broad left party’, Nouveau Parti Anticapitaliste(NPA). Both Respect and NPA adopt the Trotskyist ‘transitional programmes’ in order to intervene in the alterglobaliztion movements. The experiences of SWP and LCR should provide noble and fruitful insights for the project of socialism for the 21st century.

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