자본의 초국적화와 국제기준협약: 대안세계화운동과 노동의 탈지역적 연대전략
A Study on the Globalization of Capital and the International Framework Agreement
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국민 국가의 국경을 넘나드는 금융 자본과 생산 자본의 이동성 증가는 여전히 국민 국가의 틀 내에 머무르고 있는 노동조합의 활동력에 심각한 제한 요인으로 작용하게 되었다. 특히 자본의 세계화는 개별 국민 국가들의 자본 유치 경쟁을 불러 와 대항 권력으로서의 노동조합의 사회적 역할을 축소시켜왔다. 이러한 측면에서 국제기준협약은 자본 논리에 종속된 국민 국가의 정치적 규제를 넘어 노동 계급이 신자유주의적 세계화에 직접적으로 개입하는 첫걸음이라고 할 수 있다. 2007년 현재 55개 초국적기업과 체결된 국제기준협약이 갖는 의미는 기존 국제노동기구를 중심으로 하는 국제 노동 조직들이 표방해왔지만 국민 국가 단위의 법제도를 중심으로 제한적으로 진행되어 왔던 전 세계 노동자들의 기본권 확보라는 목표를 선언적 수준이 아닌 실질적 수준에서 노사관계의 주체인 노동조합이 개별 초국적기업과 개별적인 협의를 거쳐 직접적으로 규제해간다는 사실이다. 이글은 자본의 초국적화에 대항하기 위한 국제노동운동의 전략을 노동의 탈지역 적 연대로 규정하고, 국제기준협약이 갖는 대안세계화운동의 전략적 측면을 살펴본 다. 이를 위해 초국적기업 중심의 세계화에 대한 노동의 대응을 유형별로 살펴보고 관련 사례를 분석한다.
Abstract
The increased mobility of financial and productive capital have confined the activity of the trade unions in world-wide that is remained in the frame of nation state. Especially, the globalization of capital have reduced the social role of trade unions as a counter power, because of the investment competition between the national states. The international framework agreement (IFA) is the first step to the intervention of international working class in the neoliberal globalization beyond the politics of nation state that is subjected the logic of capital. In 2007, 55 IFAs are concluded in various industries between the multinational cooperations and the global unions. It means that the international trade unions as a main actor of industrial relations go forwards to the goals of securing the basic rights of workes in the world directly with the individual MNC. This paper defines the strategy of international labor movement against the globalization of capital as a de-regionalized solidarity. From this point of view. it analyse the strategic aspects of the IFA as a alterglobalization movement. For this, the reaction of the labor to the globalization for the multinational corporations and its relevant cases were analysed
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