민주노총의 대안세계화 이념: 신자유주의에 대한 대응과 국제연대 그리고 사회운동노조주의를 중심으로
The KCTU and Alter-globalisation Ideology
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Allying with other social movements, the KCTU strived to confront the different forms of the neoliberal offensive including market liberalisation,privatisation of the public sector and ‘irregularisation’ of labour from the 1990s. Although the KCTU and democratic unions continue to be one of the leading figures in challenging neoliberal reforms, the KCTU’s struggles against neoliberal globalization showed a zigzag pattern of development with the leadership vacillating between militancy and social dialogue, social democracy within capitalism and fundamental social change, and nationalism and internationalism, undermining the effectiveness of struggles against neoliberal globalization. Behind this zigzag pattern of anti-neoliberal struggles, there was fierce competition for more effective responses to neoliberal globalization between different factions in the KCTU that has produced particular composition of alter-globalization ideologies of the Korean labour movement. A particular nexus between nationalism, social democracy and social corporatism emerged out of these struggles and secured majority leadership in the KCTU while transforming its particular social movement unionism which was once regarded as a model of social movement unionism. More importantly,the KCTU failed to incorporate many ‘classes of labour’ as it could not overcome the territorial boundary of male-dominated, formal and industrial worker-centred enterprise unionism. In order to be an inclusive social movement with a vision alternative to neoliberal globalization, the labour movement first of all needs to move beyond the territorial boundary and reinvent itself as a movement for and of the diverse classes of labour whose struggles are emerging out of experience in the disparate areas of capitalist reproduction.
Abstract
Allying with other social movements, the KCTU strived to confront the different forms of the neoliberal offensive including market liberalisation,privatisation of the public sector and ‘irregularisation’ of labour from the 1990s. Although the KCTU and democratic unions continue to be one of the leading figures in challenging neoliberal reforms, the KCTU’s struggles against neoliberal globalization showed a zigzag pattern of development with the leadership vacillating between militancy and social dialogue, social democracy within capitalism and fundamental social change, and nationalism and internationalism, undermining the effectiveness of struggles against neoliberal globalization. Behind this zigzag pattern of anti-neoliberal struggles, there was fierce competition for more effective responses to neoliberal globalization between different factions in the KCTU that has produced particular composition of alter-globalization ideologies of the Korean labour movement. A particular nexus between nationalism, social democracy and social corporatism emerged out of these struggles and secured majority leadership in the KCTU while transforming its particular social movement unionism which was once regarded as a model of social movement unionism. More importantly,the KCTU failed to incorporate many ‘classes of labour’ as it could not overcome the territorial boundary of male-dominated, formal and industrial worker-centred enterprise unionism. In order to be an inclusive social movement with a vision alternative to neoliberal globalization, the labour movement first of all needs to move beyond the territorial boundary and reinvent itself as a movement for and of the diverse classes of labour whose struggles are emerging out of experience in the disparate areas of capitalist reproduction.
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