사회주의적 도시정치의 경험 런던 광역시의회의 지역사회주의 실험
A Case of Socialist Urban Politics: The Experiment of Local Socialism of the Greater London Council
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본 논문은 1981~1986년 동안 런던에 존재했던 급진적 성향의 런던광역시의회의지자체 사회주의 전략을 검토한다. 런던의 급진주의자들은 1960년대 이래로 현장단위 노조운동을 중심으로 축적되어온 지역 공동체와 함께 하는 새로운 노동운동의경향, 신좌파적 지식인, 새로운 사회운동, 그리고 이 모든 경향을 바탕으로 형성된노동당 내 좌파 그룹의 출현을 배경으로 출현했다. 런던의 사회주의적 경향의 시정부는 이러한 힘을 바탕으로 참여적 민주주의에 기초한 새로운 공공정책과 사적 경제에의 개입을 시도했다. 이러한 시도는 낡은 관료주의적 사회민주주의 전략에 집착했던 구좌파와 시장 이외에는 대안이 없다고 주장했던 신우파 사이에서 실현 가능한 신좌파적 대안을 제시했다. 급진적 런던 시정부의 경험을 검토함으로써 지역정치와 참여민주주의의 의미를 중장기적인 사회주의적 전략 수립과 결합시킬 수있는 길에 대해 이론적으로 검토하는 것이 본 논문의 목표이다.
Abstract
This paper explores the case of the radical Greater London Council(1981~1986) and its socialist strategy. The radicals in London emerged from the new wave of shop steward movement that had involved in diverse community actions, New Left intellectual movement, diverse social movement and the Labour left within the Labour Party based on the mentioned new tendencies. The socialist Greater London Council attempted to provide public services grounded in participatory democracy and, further, to intervene into private sector economy according to the criteria of social usefulness. This was an endeavour to find a new and viable alternative between the bureaucratic social democracy of the Old Left and the market-driven project of the New Right. The GLC demonstrated that there was a feasible alternative. Analysing the case of the socialist GLC could provide an opportunity to rethink of a possible link of local politics and participatory democracy to medium or long-term socialist strategy. The goal of this paper is to study this link in theoretical terms.
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