중3 학부모의 고등학교 선택 동기 결정요인
Determinants of parents’ motives in choosing high schools for their children
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초록
이 연구는 KELS(Korean Education Longitudinal Study) 데이터를 활용하여 중3 학생들을 자녀로 둔 부모들이 자녀들의 고등학교를 선택할 때 우선적으로 고려하는 동기 요인, 구체적으로 대학진학, 고등학교의 학습분위기, 통학거리 및 교통, 명성과 전통에 대한 개인 수준 및 학교 수준 변수들의 영향력을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 학부모들의 자녀 고등학교 선택 동기에 그들의 사회경제적 배경이 상이한 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 구체적으로, 학습분위기를 우선적으로 고려하여 자녀 고등학교를 선택하는 부모들일수록 자녀교육에 대한 지원이 적극적이며, SES가 높고, 자녀교육에 대한 기대수준이 높았다. 반면, 통학거리 및 교통을 우선적으로 고려하는 부모들일수록 문화자본을 적게 보유하였고, 자녀교육에 대한 지원이 적었으며, 자녀교육에 대한 기대수준 역시 낮았다. 아울러 자녀의 학업성취 수준이 높은 부모들일수록 고등학교 선택 시에 학업적 요소를 더욱 고려하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 연구자들은 한국 사회에서 학교선택이 확대될 경우, 학교선택의 계층화가 심화될 수 있음을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study attempts to analyze the effects of individual and school level variables on motives of high school choice (university entrance, academic atmosphere of school, commute distance and transportation, and prestige and tradition of school) of middle school parents, using the representative data from KELS (Korean Education Longitudinal Study). The major finding is that family background factors, such as the socioeconomic status of the parents, influence the choice of school for their children differently. Specifically, parents who have much more cultural capital are likely to choose a high school considering the prestige and tradition of school, but not considering the commute distance and transportation. In addition, parental support for their children's education has a positive effect on considerations of university entrance and the academic atmosphere of the school, however it has a negative effect on considering the commute distance and transportation for their children's school. Finally, parents who have higher expectations for their children's education are likely to choose a high school considering the academic atmosphere of school most, while controlling other variables. These results imply that stratification of school choice will be worsened if school choice is expanded in Korean society.
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