Examining Leadership Development in the U.S. Army within the Human Resource Development Context: Implications for Security and Defense Strategies
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The existing literature presents ample studies on leaders and leadership developmentin the United States Army. The contribution of many great military leaders of theU.S. are widely recognized both by the military community and the society at large. Reviewing the history of leadership development (LD) in the U.S. Army providesan opportunity to analyze American soldiers’ development and transformation asstrong leaders. Although U.S. Army training and its value systems, in many ways,have remained fundamentally the same with focus on hierarchy and structure, LDhas been repeatedly refined, reframed, and redesigned based on the needs of thetime and expectations of the leadership. This paper presents a review of the LDtraining in the U.S. Army to identify potential opportunities for the military ofthe Republic of Korea. It focuses on LD throughout critical periods in the historyof the U.S. Army and illustrates how LD training has evolved historically. Thepaper also explores how Human Resource Development (HRD) as a discipline ofstudy and its functions may be instrumental in LD by analyzing the U.S. Army’sapproach to LD, leadership training, organizational culture, and career development. Implications of LD for security and defense strategies are also discussed.
Abstract
The existing literature presents ample studies on leaders and leadership developmentin the United States Army. The contribution of many great military leaders of theU.S. are widely recognized both by the military community and the society at large. Reviewing the history of leadership development (LD) in the U.S. Army providesan opportunity to analyze American soldiers’ development and transformation asstrong leaders. Although U.S. Army training and its value systems, in many ways,have remained fundamentally the same with focus on hierarchy and structure, LDhas been repeatedly refined, reframed, and redesigned based on the needs of thetime and expectations of the leadership. This paper presents a review of the LDtraining in the U.S. Army to identify potential opportunities for the military ofthe Republic of Korea. It focuses on LD throughout critical periods in the historyof the U.S. Army and illustrates how LD training has evolved historically. Thepaper also explores how Human Resource Development (HRD) as a discipline ofstudy and its functions may be instrumental in LD by analyzing the U.S. Army’sapproach to LD, leadership training, organizational culture, and career development. Implications of LD for security and defense strategies are also discussed.
참고문헌 (61)
- Leonard Wong, "Military Leadership: A Context Specific Review", The Leadership Quarterly, 14, pp.657~692 (2003)
- Department of the Army, "Army Leadership Competent, Confident, and Agile Field Manual 22–100" (2006), Army Training and Doctrine Command
- Joo-sung Jung, "Korea's Military Service Policy Issues and Directions for Mid- & Long-term Development", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 23(4), pp.473~488 (2011), 한국국방연구원
- 부형욱, "Building organizational adaptive capacity: the U.S. Army’s performance in the Iraq War and its implications for the ROK Army", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 22(1), pp.95~110 (2010), 한국국방연구원
- Michael Raska, "Transforming South Korea’s Defense Capabilities", East Asia Forum (2012)
- Joseph Y. Lin, "Changing Face of Chinese Military Generals: Evolving Promotion Practices (1981-2009)", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 22(1), pp.75~93 (2010), 한국국방연구원
- Michael Raska, "RMA Diffusion Paths and Patterns in South Korea’s Military Modernization", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 23(3), pp.369~385 (2011), 한국국방연구원
- 2012 Defense White Paper, "Ministry of National Defense Republic of Korea", ~ (2012)
- Steven B. Kincaid, "The Return on Investment of Leadership Development:Differentiating our Discipline", Consulting Psychology Journal, 55(1), pp.47~57 (2003)
- Bruce E. Winston, "An Integrative Definition of Leadership", International Journal of Leadership Studies, 1(2), pp.6~66 (2006)
- Mesut Akdere, "A Multi-level Examination of Leadership Practices in Quality Management:Implications for Organizational Performance in Healthcare", International Journal of Learning and Change, 2(3), pp.325~341 (2007)
- Michael Kirchner, "Leadership Development Programs: An Integrated Review of Literature", The Journal of Knowledge Economy & Knowledge Management, IX, pp.137~146 (2014)
- Katherine Ely, "Evaluating Leadership Coaching: A Review and Integrated Framework", The Leadership Quarterly, 21(4), pp.585~599 (2010)
- Allan R. Millett, "For the Common Defense: A Military History of the United States from 1607 to 2012" (1984), Free Press
- Stephanie T. Solansky, "The Evaluation of Two Key Leadership Development Program Components: Leadership Skills Assessment and Leadership Mentoring", 21(4), pp.675~681 (2010)
- Jon M. Werner, "Human Resource Development Human Resource Management: So What is it", Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), pp.127~139 (2014)
- Ellen Scully-Russ, "Human Resource Development and Sustainability: Beyond Sustainable Organizations", Human Resource Development International, 15(4), pp.399~415 (2012)
- Sabrina Tavernise, "As Fewer Americans Serve, Growing Gap is Found Between Civilians and Military", The New York Times, November 24, 2011, A22, ~ (2011)
- Training the Force FM 7–0, "Department of the Army", Army Training and Doctrine Command, 126~ (1998)
- "Has America Ever Lost a War?"[URL]
- "2008 The Traditional Workplace is Broken"[URL]
- Katherine Ely, "Evaluating Leadership Coaching: A Review and Integrated Framework", The Leadership Quarterly, 21(4), pp.585~599 (2010)
- Matthew R. Fairholm, "Leadership and Organizational Strategy", The Innovation Journal:The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 14(1) (2009)
- Peter Maslowski, "Understanding the Creation of the U.S. Armed Forces", Foreign Policy Research Institute, 12(10) (2007)
- "Philosophy Military Training Doctrine and Practice—History of Military Training in the United States"[URL]
- "Major General von Steuben"[URL]
- "Leadership Lessons from a Civil War Leader"[URL]
- James A. Moss, "Officers’ Manual" (1917), George Banta Publishing
- Anne W. Chapman, "Prepare the Army for War: A Historical Overview of the Army Training and Doctrine Command, 1973–1998" (1998), Military History Office
- "The TRADOC Story"[URL]
- Pew Research Center, "The American-Western European Values Gap"
- Department of the Army, "Training the Force Field Manual 25–100", Army Training and Doctrine Command (2002)
- Peter Bowler, "Darwin’s Originality", Science, 323(5911), pp.223~226 (2009)
- Pentagon May Oust Troops Involuntarily to Meet Reductions in Budget Plan, "Viola Gienger", Bloomberg, February 13, 2012, ~ (2012)
- "Drill Sergeants: No More Mr. Mean Guy" (2006)[URL]
- "Are Drill Sergeants Allowed to Hit Me?"[URL]
- "Basic Training is Smarter, not Softer"[URL]
- John Antal, "Strength for the Future: The North Texas Chapter AUSA Leadership Program", Army Magazine, pp.47~50 (2013)
- David A. Kolb, "Experiential Learning Theory and the Learning Style Inventory: A Reply to Freedman and Stumpf", The Academy of Management Review, 6(2), pp.289~296 (1981)
- Frank Coffield, "The Necessity of Informal Learning" (2002), The Policy Press
- James M. Dubik, "Leadership Beyond the Chain of Command", Front and Center, 42(12), pp.16~18 (2009)
- Martyna Janowicz-Panjaitan, "Formal and Informal Interorganizational Learning Within Strategic Alliances", Research Policy, 37(8), pp.1337~1355 (2008)
- Army Training and Leader Development Army Regulation, "Department of the Army", Army Training and Doctrine Command, 350~351 (2009)
- Donald Stoker, "Dr. Stoker’s Rejoinder: The Case Stands: Davis Did Not Author an Offensive-Defensive Confederate Strategy", The Journal of Military History, 73(2), pp.591~613 (2009)
- Training for Full Spectrum Operations- Field Manual, 7–10, "Department of the Army", Army Training and Doctrine Command, ~ (2008)
- Jim Offner, "New Battle Zone: Returning Veterans Battle for Jobs, WCF Courier", WCF Courier, ~ (2012)
- Jena McGregor, "Why Companies Hire Veterans, and Why They Don’t,", Washington Post, June 12, 2012, ~ (2012)
- Shane Robinson, "Why a Veteran Might Be Your Next Best Hire", Forbes, August 12, 2013, ~ (2013)
- Catherine Loughlin, "Seeking the Best: Leadership Lessons from the Military", Human Resource Management, 46(1), pp.147~167 (2007)
- Valerie K. Vojdik, "Beyond Stereotyping in Equal Protection Doctrine: Reframing the Exclusion of Women from Combat", Alabama Law Review, 57(2), pp.303~349 (2005)
- "Decision to Allow Women in Combat Roles Raises Questions About Draft"[URL]
- "Women in Combat: The Soldiers Speak"[URL]
- Mesut Akdere, "A multi-level examination of leadership practices in quality management:Implications for organizational performance in healthcare", International Journal of Learning and Change, 2(3), pp.326~ (2007)
- Dov S. Zakheim, "US Military Transformation and the Lessons for South Korea on its Path toward Defense Reform 2020", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 19(4), pp.5~28 (2007), 한국국방연구원
- Stanley M. Halpin, "Historical Influences on the Changing Nature of Leadership Within the Military Environment", Military Psychology, 3(5), pp.479~488 (2011)
- William H. Montgomery III, "Strategy Research Report-Beyond Words: Leader Self-Awareness and Interpersonal Skills" (2007), Army War College
- Nirav Patel and Lindsey Ford, "The Future of the U.S.-ROK Alliance: Global Perspectives", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 21(4), pp.401~416 (2009), 한국국방연구원
- 서인효, "The Future of the ROK-U.S. Alliance", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 25(4), pp.531~547 (2013), 한국국방연구원