从后补复合式的扩张看三种状态改变事件
The Complexity of Three Types of Change-of-State Events Reflected in the Expansion of Resultative Compounds
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本文从汉语后补复合式的扩张进程考察三种状态改变事件的复杂度，通过对历时语料的定量研究，发现“运动状态改变-瞬时状态改变-程度状态改变”三种状态改变事件对于后补复合式的依赖程度依次递增：运动状态改变从古至今都可以用单字表达，而程度状态改变事件自明代起几乎就必须借助后补复合式。后补复合式这种不平衡的扩张进程反映了三种状态改变事件的复杂度差异，这一复杂度差异不仅体现在汉语中，也广泛体现在世界其他语言中。
Abstract
This study probes into the complexity of three types of change-of-state events from the expansion of resultative compounds in Chinese. Through diachronic analysis of quantitative data, it is found that the continuum ‘durative change of state – punctual change of state – gradient change of state’ features incremental complexity levels, reflected in the expanded use of resultative compounds. Durative change of state is virtually always expressed by individual characters, but the expression of gradient change of state must resort to resultative compounds since Early Mandarin. This complexity continuum is not only reflected in Chinese, but also universally instantiated in other languages. This finding supports the prediction of the principle of iconicity that a larger chunk of information will be given a larger chunk of code.
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