국제개발협력에서 정부-시민사회 협력관계 연구: OECD DAC 회원국의 NGO지원정책 사례분석을 중심으로
A Study of Government-Civil Society partnership in International development cooperation: focusing on the NGO assistance policies of OECD DAC members
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초록
본 연구는 국제개발협력 분야에서 시민사회와의 역할이 협력이 중요해지고 있는 국내외적 흐름에 조응하여 정부-NGO간 파트너십 강화를 통해 ODA의 질적 효과를 제고할 수 있는 방안을 모색한다. 구체적으로는 OECD DAC 회원국 사례를 중심으로 정부-NGO간 파트너십 프로그램의 정책목표와 특징을 살펴본다. 사례 분석을 통해 OECD DAC의 정부-NGO간 파트너십은 ‘빈곤감소, 시민사회 활성화, 민주주의 및 인권 신장, 원조정책 보완, 공여국 인지제고’ 라는 목표를 주요하게 추구하고 있으며, 이러한 목표 아래 수행되는 파트너십 프로그램은 지원대상의 특성과 협력사업의 목적별, 시행방식별, 운영주체별로 구분되어 다양하고 각국의 고유상황에 기반한 협력정책을 수행하고 있음을 밝힌다. 또한 이러한 분석에 기초해 정부-시민사회 협력이 확대되고 있는 한국에서의 정책적 함의를 도출한다.
Abstract
NGO has been playing an important role in development cooperation since 1940s and many donor countries have supported NGO as important partners in ODA policy. At the HLF-3 in Accra in 2008, developed and developing countries recognized civil society as an independent development actor in its own right, and they agreed to create a legal and institutional environment enabling CSO contributions to development. In this situation, this paper aims to analyze the current OECD DAC members’ government-NGO partnership policy and suggest policy implications to Korea. After reviewing the mechanisms of OECD DAC members’ partnerships policy with their NGOs, the paper presents the following findings. Firstly, 23 DAC members incorporate poverty reduction, development of democracy, human rights and civil society, complementing for ODA policy and increasing public awareness of ODA into main policy objectives. Secondly, many countries have priority partner country, region and sector for NGO to align with ODA policy. Thirdly, many countries diversify programs according to the characteristics of beneficiary NGOs. Several countries support strategic partners which are granted much budgets and longer term than others. Fourthly, many DAC members conduct the programs focusing on special objectives such as working compliment role to ODA policy or supporting to civil society development. Fifthly, for increasing effectiveness of partnership, DAC members diversify the grant scale, matching ratio and the program term. Some countries use the framework organization, consulting firm and single NGO as program managing agency.
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