도시 역사문화 가로의 지속가능한 활성화를 위한 지표 연구 -델파이 기법(Delphi method)을 중심으로-
A Study on Indicators for Sustainable Revitalization of Urban Historical and Cultural Neighborhoods - Focusing on the Delphi method -
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(연구배경 및 목적) 현대 도시는 급속한 발전과 함께 현대적 기능 요구를 충족시키면서도 문화적 독특성을 유지해야 하는 중요한 과제에 직면하고 있다. 특히 전통적인 역사문화 가로는 그 고유한 역사적 가치와 상징성 때문에 보호와 현대화 사이의 모순과 도전에 직면하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 과학적인 평가지표 체계를 구축하여 역사문화 가로의 지속 가능한 활력을 도모하고, 도시화 과정에서의 보호와 발전을 조화롭게 이루기 위한 지침을 제공하는 데 목적을 두었다. (연구방법) 본 연구는 도시 역사문화 가로의 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 종합적인 평가지표 체계를 구축하는 데 초점을 맞추었다. 이를 위해 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)와 델파이(Delphi) 기법을 결합한 연구 방법을 채택하였다. 첫째, 관련 문헌에 대한 심층 분석과 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 역사문화 가로의 활성화에 영향을 미치는 핵심 요인을 파악하였다. 환경 보호, 경제 발전, 사회 참여, 문화 계승 등 여러 차원을 고려하여 이 요소들을 분석하였다. 둘째, 도출된 요인을 기반으로 다단계 평가 모델을 구축하고, 다단계 델파이 조사를 통해 각 지표의 과학성과 실용성을 검증하였다. 셋째, 목표계층, 준칙계층, 방안계층으로 구성된 완전한 지표 시스템을 설계하였다. 이를 통해 역사문화 가로의 활성화와 발전에 필요한 구체적이고 체계적인 분석 틀을 마련하였다. (결과) 본 연구에서는 SPSS와 Excel을 활용하여 총 3차에 걸친 델파이 설문조사를 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 목적계층 지표 1개, 준칙계층 지표 4개, 방안계층 지표 13개, 세부 방안계층 지표 37개를 도출하였다. 이러한 분석 결과는 도시 역사문화 가로의 지속 가능한 발전을 위한 최종지표 평가체계를 제시하며, 각 지표는 역사문화 가로의 활성화 및 발전 가능성을 체계적으로 평가할 수 있는 기준을 제공한다. (결론) 본 연구에서 구축한 평가지표 체계는 도시 역사문화 가로의 보호와 발전 사이에서 균형을 유지하는 데 강력한 도구로 작용할 수 있다. 정책입안자들에게 실질적인 의사결정 지원을 제공하며, 역사문화 가로의 장기적인 보존과 역동성 유지를 위한 실효성 높은 접근을 가능하게 한다. 향후에는 이 체계의 다양한 문화적 배경과 도시 개발 단계에서의 적용 가능성을 테스트하고, 새로운 도전과 변화하는 요구를 반영한 피드백 및 조정 메커니즘을 도입하는 추가 연구가 필요하다. 이를 통해 도시 역사문화 가로가 지속 가능한 발전을 이루는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) In the context of the rapid development of modern cities, meeting the needs of modern functions while maintaining cultural uniqueness has become important in urban planning and development. Traditional historical and cultural neighborhoods face contradictions and challenges between protection and modernization because of their unique historical value and cultural symbolic significance. To address these challenges, this study aims to provide guidance for the sustainable vitality of urban historical and cultural neighborhoods by constructing a scientific evaluation index system and promoting their protection and development during the process of urbanization. (Method) This study aimed to provide a scientific basis and decision-making support for the sustainable development of urban historical and cultural neighborhoods by constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system. To this end, the study adopted a research method that combined the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi methods. First, through an in-depth analysis of the relevant literature and multiple rounds of expert interviews, key factors affecting the activation of historical and cultural neighborhoods were identified. These factors cover multiple dimensions, such as environmental protection, economic development, social participation, and cultural heritage. Next, a multilevel evaluation model was constructed based on these factors, and multiple rounds of Delphi surveys were conducted to ensure the scientificity and practicality of each indicator. Finally, the study formed a complete indicator system, including the target, criterion, and program layers. (Results) Three Delphi surveys were conducted using SPSS and Excel for data analysis. Consequently, one target-level, four objective-level, 13 rule-level, and 37 plan-level indicators were derived, and a final indicator evaluation system for the sustainable activation of urban historical and cultural streets was established. (Conclusions) The evaluation index system constructed in this study provides a powerful tool for the sustainable development of urban historical and cultural neighborhoods and can effectively support policymakers in striking a balance between protection and development. Future research should further test and optimize this system, especially its applicability in different cultural backgrounds and urban development stages. To ensure the dynamic adaptability of the evaluation system, a continuous feedback and adjustment mechanism should be introduced in practical applications to cope with possible challenges and changing needs. This will help achieve long-term protection and sustainable vitality of urban historical and cultural neighborhoods.
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