유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간의 체험디자인 요소 활용에 관한 연구
A Study on the Use of Experience Design Elements in Complex Cultural Spaces Utilizing Idle Industrial Facilities
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(연구배경 및 목적) 오늘날 도시의 산업구조가 크게 변화됨에 따라 제조업과 같은 2차 산업이 대거 몰락하면서 생겨난 유휴산업시설들은 새로운 산업구조와 일치하지 않는 상황을 해결하기 위해 재활용되면서 현대인들의 문화생활을 위한 새로운 공간으로 변화하고 있다. 이와 같은 공간 생활 수준의 향상으로 인해 문화에 관한 관심이 높아지면서 체험과 경험을 중시하는 문화 활동이 주류가 되기 시작하였고, 체험경제 시대를 맞아 문화예술을 주제로 전시, 판매, 공연, 체험 등의 기능을 갖춘 복합문화공간이 많이 생겨나기 시작하면서 증가하는 추세에 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내‧외 복합문화공간을 중심으로 체험디자인 요소 분석을 통해 사용자와 공간적 두 가지 차원에서의 접근성을 살펴봄으로써 복합문화공간에서의 체험 디자인의 활용 방안을 모색하고자 한다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 공간적 차원으로는 유휴산업시설을 재활용한 국내‧외 복합문화공간 사례를 중심으로 복합문화공간의 개념과 공간 구성, 체험적 디자인의 요소와 특성에 관하여 고찰하고, 사례별 체험 디자인적 요소를 자세히 분석함으로써 사용자 및 공간적 접근성에서의 특성을 분석한다. (결과) 분석 결과, 사용자의 차원에서는 공간의 재료, 색채대비에 집중되어 있으므로 다양한 요소들의 활용이 필요하며, 상호작용성 측면에서는 사례 4곳 모두 지역성이 나타난 프로그램들로 구성되어 있으므로 예술 및 문화 활동의 형태가 단조로우며, 대부분 수동적인 체험의 공간이 많았으므로 능동적인 상호작용 체험을 위한 공간의 계획이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 사용자 차원에서는 참여 및 상호작용 체험을 강화하고, 공간 내의 다양성과 직접적인 참여를 통한 진정한 경험을 고려하는 계획이 요구된다. 공간적 차원에서의 체험적 요소는 상징성, 역사성, 개방성 부분은 대부분 높게 나타났으나, 연속성, 복합성, 가변성 체험은 상대적으로 부족하였으므로 개선이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. (결론) 이상과 같이 본 연구에서는 유휴산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간에서의 체험 디자인 요소의 접근성에 따른 특징과 함께 개선해야 할 부분을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 기초로 하여 향후 연구에서는 복합문화공간의 차별성 있는 다양한 체험디자인 요소의 적용 방안을 구체적으로 제시하고자 한다.
Abstract
(Background and Purpose) The industrial structure of cities has changed significantly; industrial facilities that have emerged as secondary industries, such as manufacturing, are resorted to for addressing situations that do not match the new industrial structure, transforming them into new spaces for the cultural life of modern people. As the standard of living has increased, interest in culture has increased, and cultural activities emphasizing experiences have become mainstream. In the era of the experience economy, exhibitions, sales, performances, and experiences with the theme of culture and arts are underway. This trend is rising as many functional and complex cultural spaces have begun to emerge. Accordingly, this study seeks to find ways to utilize experience design in complex cultural spaces by examining accessibility in the user and spatial dimensions, analyzing experience design elements, and focusing on domestic and foreign complex cultural spaces. (Method) The spatial dimension of this study examines the concept and spatial composition of complex cultural spaces and the elements and characteristics of experiential design, focusing on domestic and foreign complex cultural spaces that utilize idle industrial facilities and experiential design elements. User characteristics and spatial accessibility are analyzed in detail. (Results) The present analysis indicates that users focus on spatial materials and color contrast; hence, various elements must be considered. In terms of interactivity, all four cases consist of programs with regional characteristics; therefore, art and cultural activities are monotonous, and because most programs have spaces for passive experiences, space planning for active, interactive experiences is necessary. Thus, at the user level, a plan that strengthens participation and interactive experiences and considers diversity within the space and authentic experiences through direct participation is required. Concerning experiential elements at the spatial level, symbolism, historicity, and openness are high, but experiences of continuity, complexity, and variability are relatively lacking; therefore, improvements are needed along these dimensions. (Conclusion) Accessibility in the user and spatial dimensions is sought by analyzing the experience design of a complex cultural space utilizing idle industrial facilities. Doing so, this study highlights the importance and possibilities of experience design in complex cultural spaces, and based on the results of this study, we seek new ways to apply differentiated experience design elements in complex cultural spaces.
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