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표적문제 변형의 유추추론을 통한통찰 발생 가능성 검증

Examining the Role of Analogical Reasoning through Transformation of the Target Problem in Insight Problem Solving Process

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본 연구의 목적은 통찰이 표적문제 변형에 의한 유추추론 과정일 수 있다는 가설을 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 첫째, 통찰의 기제에 대한 형태주의, 신형태주의, 인지주의 관점의 주장을 개관하고, 둘째, 통찰의 기제를 기억인출에 기반한 유추추론 과정으로 주장하는 기존 인지주의 관점의 이론적 타당성을 검토하였다. 셋째, 유추추론을 위한 바탕유사체는 표적문제 변형에 의해 구성될 수도 있다는 분석을 기초로 본 연구의 가설을 제안하고 검증하였다. 이를 위해 두 가지 조건(기억 인출에 의한 유추추론에 해당되는 ‘기억조건’, 표적문제 변형에 의한 유추추론에 해당되는 ‘변형조건’)으로 구분하여 실험이 이루어 졌다. 연구 결과, 통찰이 기억인출에 의한 유추추론이 아닌 표적문제 변형에 의한 유추추론에 의해 발생할 수 있다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이는 통찰의 본질에 대한 이해를 돕고, 창의성을 신장시킬 수 있는 구체적인 교육의 실천에 단서를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

This study aims to examine a hypothesis that insight may be an analogical reasoning through transformation of the target problem. For that purpose, it first surveyed Gestalt, neo-Gestalt, and cognitive psychology views on the insight mechanism. Then it examined theoretical validity of a cognitive psychological view that understands insight mechanism by an analogical reasoning process based on memory retrieval. To test the hypothesis, this study set up a memory condition that is relevant to the previous analogical reasoning and a transformation condition that is tied to analogical reasoning by restructuring a target problem. This study found that insight may be the outcome of an analogical reasoning by restructuring a target problem, not of an analogical reasoning by memory retrieval. This not only enhances our understanding of the nature of insight, but also provides a practical clue to help education on creativity.

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