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아동 돌봄의 사회적 분담이 여성의 임금수준과 전일제 고용에 미치는 영향

Effects of social sharing of child-care on women's wage and full-time employment

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주제분류사회복지학

초록

아동 돌봄을 사회적으로 분담하는 것은 후기산업사회에서 노동시장과 가족의 변화를 둘러싸고 발생한‘돌봄 공백’에 대응하는 것이며, 아동 돌봄의 사회적 분담을 어떻게 할 것인가는 복지국가 재편의 성격과 내용을 결정하는 것으로 인식되고 있다. 따라서 아동 돌봄의 사회적 분담을 위한 탈가족화/가족화 프로그램들이 여성의 노동시장 결과에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지 분석하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 OECD국가들을 중심으로 분석에 필요한 시계열자료를 자료를 구성하고 결합시계열회귀분석(TSCSREG)을 실시하였다. 분석결과 공공보육서비스와 부모휴가가 여성의 상대적 임금수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 전일제 고용에는 부모휴가는 정(+)의 영향을 미치지만 공공보육서비스는 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 여성의 임금수준 향상을 위해서 공공보육서비스, 부모휴가와 같이 돌봄을 사회적으로 분담하는 프로그램을 확대 실시하여야 하며, 전일제 고용을 위해서는 부모휴가를 확대하는 한편 공공보육서비스를 개선할 필요가 있다는 사실을 확인할 수 있다.

Abstract

This study examines the effects of social sharing of child-care on women's wage and full-time employment. Social sharing of child-care is a response to ‘deficit of care’ caused by changes of labor market and family in post-industrial society, and is being understood as a factor deciding characters and details of restructuring toward welfare state. Therefore, it is important to analyze what influences de-familization / familization programs that are being enforced for social sharing of child-care have on women’s wage and full-time employment. In order to analyze how de-familization / familization programs improve women’s wage and full-time employment, data were composed mainly from members of OECD and TSCSREG(pooled time series cross sectional regression) was conducted. As the result of the analysis, it was confirmed that de-familization / familization programs have positive influences on women’s relative wage level, and full-time employment, and through the result, it can be inferred that social sharing of child-care will have a positive result on improving women’s economic status. And therefore de-familization / familization programs such as parental leave and public child-care that have to be expanded.

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